Electrolytes Cations Flashcards
Functions of sodium
Neuromuscularvactivity and water regulation of the body
90% of all extracellular cation. It is the major cation
Sodium
Cation that is 2-3% in ECF
Potassium
Cation that is vitaminD dependent to be absorb by upper small intestine. 99% in bone and 1% in blood
Calcium
50% of total calcium
Ionized calcium
40% of total calcium
Protein bound calcium
10% carboxylated calcium
Complex calcium
Functions of potassium
- Nerve impulses and muscle contraction
- Regulates interstitial osmolality
- Promotes enzyme cations for cellular metabolism.
- balance of acid-base
Hormones that regulate calcium
PTH, vitaminD3, calcitonin
Relationship of Calcium level and PTH level
Directly proportional
Relationship of calcitonin leve and calcium level
Inversely proportional
4th most abundant cation and 2nd intracellular cation
Magnesium
Concentration of magnesium in bones
53%
Magnesium composition in muscles
46%
How many percent of magnesium is precent in serum and RBC
<1%
What do you call iron that is bound to transferrin
Serum iron
Percentage of iron in stored form
25-30%
Percentage of iron in active form
70-75%
Measurement of serum transferrin
Total iron binding capacity
If there is a decrease of iron in the body, what is the result of TIBC?
TIBC is increased
Functions of iron
Hematopioesis and growth, hb formation and pregnancy
Diurnal variations of iron
M=incresed
A=low
E=very low
Conditions known to affect serum iron
- diurnal variation
- menstrual cycle
- iron ingestion and oral contraceptives
Primarily excreted by kidneys
Sodium
20% excreted in feces, 80-90% excreted in urine
Potassium
Excreted in urine and bile (200mg/dl)
Calcium
40% excreted in kidneys, 60% excreted in feces
Magnesium
