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Clinical Chemistry > Electrolytes > Flashcards

Electrolytes Flashcards

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0
Q

Depensd on size, charge of ion, nature of membrane

A

Passive transport

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1
Q

Energy consuming, more ions across cellular membrane

A

Active transport

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2
Q

Physical property of a solution w/c is based in concentration of solute

A

Osmolality

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3
Q

Increased un osmolality of blood

A

Sensation of thirst & ADH

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4
Q

Also called vassopressin.

A

Anti diuretic hormone

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5
Q

What does ADH increas

A

H2O reabsorption

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6
Q

What sites does the reabsorption of water occur

A

Cortical and medullary tubules

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7
Q

Half-life of ADH

A

15-20 mins

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8
Q

Electrolyte that is associated with water.

A

Sodium

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9
Q

Normal osmolality value

A

275-295 mOsmol/ kg of plasma H2O

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10
Q

1%-2% decrease in osmolality

A

Shut off ADH production

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11
Q

1-2% increase osmolality

A

4-fold increase in ADH

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12
Q

What does RAAS regulate?

A

Blood volume esp. Sodium and water

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13
Q

Is secreted near renal glomeruli in response to decrease renal blood flow

A

Renin

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14
Q

What does renin converts?

A

Angiotensin 1 until angiotensin 2

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15
Q

What increase retention of water and sodium?

A

Angiotensin 2

16
Q

Promotes sodium excretion in the kidneys

A

ANP/Atrial natriuretic peptide

17
Q

Independent of osmolality, stimulate the ADH to conserve water

A

Volume receptors

18
Q

Increases with heme expansion and decreases with heme depletion

A

GFR/Glumerular filtration rate

19
Q

What will increase when plasma sodium will increase?

A

Urinary sodium

20
Q

In what conditions urine osmolality decreases

A

Diabetes insipidus and polydipsia

21
Q

In what conditions urine osmolality increases

A

Hypovolemia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

22
Q

Osmotically active sample which is not recommended for determination of osmolality

A

Plasma

23
Q

Increased osmolality decreases _____&_______

A

Freezing point temperature and vapor pressure (dew pt)

24
Q

This is operated by freezing point

A

Osmometer

25
Q

Osmometer is standardized by this reference solution

A

Sodium chloride

26
Q

Reference value of 24hr urine

A

300-900

27
Q

Reference value of urine serum

A

1.0-3.0

28
Q

Reference value of osmolal gap

A

<15

Clinical Chemistry (2 decks)

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