Electrolytes Flashcards
Depensd on size, charge of ion, nature of membrane
Passive transport
Energy consuming, more ions across cellular membrane
Active transport
Physical property of a solution w/c is based in concentration of solute
Osmolality
Increased un osmolality of blood
Sensation of thirst & ADH
Also called vassopressin.
Anti diuretic hormone
What does ADH increas
H2O reabsorption
What sites does the reabsorption of water occur
Cortical and medullary tubules
Half-life of ADH
15-20 mins
Electrolyte that is associated with water.
Sodium
Normal osmolality value
275-295 mOsmol/ kg of plasma H2O
1%-2% decrease in osmolality
Shut off ADH production
1-2% increase osmolality
4-fold increase in ADH
What does RAAS regulate?
Blood volume esp. Sodium and water
Is secreted near renal glomeruli in response to decrease renal blood flow
Renin
What does renin converts?
Angiotensin 1 until angiotensin 2
What increase retention of water and sodium?
Angiotensin 2
Promotes sodium excretion in the kidneys
ANP/Atrial natriuretic peptide
Independent of osmolality, stimulate the ADH to conserve water
Volume receptors
Increases with heme expansion and decreases with heme depletion
GFR/Glumerular filtration rate
What will increase when plasma sodium will increase?
Urinary sodium
In what conditions urine osmolality decreases
Diabetes insipidus and polydipsia
In what conditions urine osmolality increases
Hypovolemia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Osmotically active sample which is not recommended for determination of osmolality
Plasma
Increased osmolality decreases _____&_______
Freezing point temperature and vapor pressure (dew pt)
This is operated by freezing point
Osmometer
Osmometer is standardized by this reference solution
Sodium chloride
Reference value of 24hr urine
300-900
Reference value of urine serum
1.0-3.0
Reference value of osmolal gap
<15
