Electrolytes: Bicarbonate

Question 1

_________________
-second most abundant anion in ECF
-composed of:
* __________________
* __________________
* _________________
-accounts for ____ of total CO2 as physiologic pH
-buffers____________________ by combining with acid
-major component of buffering system in blood
-maintenance of high plasma bicarbonate concentration occurs in ______________________, or when the renal threshold for bicarbonate is increased
-Reference value: _______________

Answer 1

Bicarbonate
Undissociated NaHCO3
Carbonate
Carbamite
90%
excess H ion
advanced renal failure
21-28 mEq/L

Question 2

-Methods:
* _____- partial CO2 electrode
* Enzymatic - ___________________________

Answer 2

ISE
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and dehydrogenase

Question 3

Anion Gap
-difference between unmeasured anions (_________ and _______) and unmeasured cations (__________ and ___________)
-useful in indicating an increase in one or more of the unmeasured anions
-used as _________ for analyzer, increased AG - _______________
-used to monitor recovery from _______________
-Formula: ________________
-Reference Value: ____________ or ________________

Answer 3

chloride and bicarbonate
sodium and potassium
QC
instrument error
diabetic ketoacidoses
AG = Na - (Cl+HCO3) or AG = (Na+K) - (Cl+HCO3)
7-16 or 10-20 mmol/L