Electrolytes Flashcards
Calculate the anion gap:
- Sodium: 132 mmol/L
- Potassium: 3.7 mmol/L
- Chloride: 99 mmol/L
- Total CO2: 15 mmol/L
18
Measurements of sodium are performed using a ________ that is sensitive to ________.
glass ion-selective electrode; Na+
What analyte is excreted by the kidney because there is no renal threshold for its reabsorption?
potassium
The kidney conserves sodium via the action of _______ on the _______ tubule of the kidney.
aldosterone; proximal
Of the major electrolytes, which ones are cations?
sodium and potassium
Serum anion gap is increased in patients with:
diabetes mellitus, lactic acid increase due to exercise, renal tubular disease, and salicylate overdose
Specimens collected for _______ must be protected from room air by keeping the cap on the specimen.
total carbon dioxide
Methods for potassium analysis in the clinical laboratory involve:
ion-selective electrode with valinomycin membrane
Osmolality of the body is important for _______ and is regulated by _______.
cell membrane stability; ADH
Fasting specimens are necessary for phosphorus determinations because non-fasting blood has a decreased phosphorus value. Why?
insulin pulls phosphorus into cells with glucose after a meal
Methods for inorganic phosphorus determinations use the reagent _______.
ammonium molybdate
Dye methods for magnesium are measure spectro-photometrically. In the ______ method for magnesium, EGTA binds calcium and ______ binds other metals.
calmagite; cyanide
A hormone that increases serum calcium by removing calcium from bone matrix is _______.
parathyroid hormone
Magnesium functions include:
co-factor form many clinical enzymes and involved in osmotic pressure
What method for calcium has been adapted for use on dry chemistry analyzers?
arsenso III method
Atomic absorption methods can be used to assay for:
calcium and magnesium
