Electrolytes Flashcards
Calculate the anion gap:
- Sodium: 132 mmol/L
- Potassium: 3.7 mmol/L
- Chloride: 99 mmol/L
- Total CO2: 15 mmol/L
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Measurements of sodium are performed using a ________ that is sensitive to ________.
glass ion-selective electrode; Na+
What analyte is excreted by the kidney because there is no renal threshold for its reabsorption?
potassium
The kidney conserves sodium via the action of _______ on the _______ tubule of the kidney.
aldosterone; proximal
Of the major electrolytes, which ones are cations?
sodium and potassium
Serum anion gap is increased in patients with:
diabetes mellitus, lactic acid increase due to exercise, renal tubular disease, and salicylate overdose
Specimens collected for _______ must be protected from room air by keeping the cap on the specimen.
total carbon dioxide
Methods for potassium analysis in the clinical laboratory involve:
ion-selective electrode with valinomycin membrane
Osmolality of the body is important for _______ and is regulated by _______.
cell membrane stability; ADH
Fasting specimens are necessary for phosphorus determinations because non-fasting blood has a decreased phosphorus value. Why?
insulin pulls phosphorus into cells with glucose after a meal
Methods for inorganic phosphorus determinations use the reagent _______.
ammonium molybdate
Dye methods for magnesium are measure spectro-photometrically. In the ______ method for magnesium, EGTA binds calcium and ______ binds other metals.
calmagite; cyanide
A hormone that increases serum calcium by removing calcium from bone matrix is _______.
parathyroid hormone
Magnesium functions include:
co-factor form many clinical enzymes and involved in osmotic pressure
What method for calcium has been adapted for use on dry chemistry analyzers?
arsenso III method
