Acid Base

Question 1

Defining pCO2, one could state that it is…

Answer 1

the partial pressure of the dissolved carbon dioxide gas

Question 2

What is the bicarbonate level in the patient?

• pH: 7.29
• pCO2: 56 mm Hg
• tCO2: 20 mmol/L

Answer 2

18 mmol/L

Question 3

Blood gas instrument QC utilizes _____ calibration gases, one with ______ parameters and one with the opposite values.

Answer 3

two; normal

Question 4

The kidney’s role in acid- base maintenance includes several functions. In the case of the CO2 buffer system, the kidney _____ and _____ bicarbonate ion.

Answer 4

generates; excretes into blood

Question 5

Oxygen-saturation curves help us determine how much oxygen is reaching tissues. If a patient has the following blood gas results, what will his oxygen-saturation curve be compared to the normal curve?

• pH: 7.26
• pCO2: 53 mm Hg
• pO2: 87 mm Hg
• Temp: 101 F
• tCO2: 22 mmol/L

Answer 5

shifted to the right

Question 6

The oxygen-saturation curve is sigmoidal is shape.  A number of parameters have an influence on the oxygen saturation curve of blood.  These parameters include: 
-2,3 DPG
-Temp
-pCO2
-pO2
Which are relevant?

Answer 6

all of them

Question 7

Trouble-shooting a blood gas instrument when it gives erroneous results should include looking at the possibility that _______

Answer 7

the pCO2 membrane appears to have a protein build-up

Question 8

What is their acid base state?

• pH: 7.48
• pCO2: 52 mm Hg
• tCO2: 31 mmol/L
• pO2: 99 mm Hg

Answer 8

metabolic alkalosis, compensated

Question 9

A specimen for blood gases is transported on ice to the lab for analysis. When you pick up the syringe to run the analysis, you notice a large air bubble in the syringe. This will adversely affect the analysis by causing ______

Answer 9

the sample pO2 to increase

Question 10

When evaluating blood gas results, the law of ______, pertaining to the total pressure equals the sum of the partial pressures, is particularly relevant.

Answer 10

Dalton

Question 11

Oxidative metabolism refers to mitchondrial use of ______ to turn nutrients into energy and waste products like _____ into more soluble compounds for excretion.

Answer 11

oxygen; hydrogen

Question 12

The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is affected by the amount of _____ as well as parameters like pH and pCO2.

Answer 12

non-functional hemoglobin

Question 13

Buffers for acid-base regulation include:

Answer 13

hemoglobin system, bicarbonate-carbonic acid system, cellular and plasma proteins, and phosphate-phosphoric system

Question 14

Measurements of pO2 in a blood gas analyzer are by ion-selective electrode. In the case of pO2, the pO2 electrode uses _____

Answer 14

a polarographic electrode and an amperometric electrode

Question 15

Respiratory acidosis conditions will show blood gas determinations with ______

Answer 15

elevated pCO2

Question 16

If you wanted an estimate of the bicarbonate ion concentration in an arterial blood specimen, you would look at the level of ______

Answer 16

tCO2

Question 17

To define pH, one would say that it is ______

Answer 17

the negative log of the H+ concentration

Question 18

What does this patient have?

• pH: 7.32
• pCO2: 49 mm Hg
• pO2: 85 mm Hg
• tCO2: 26 mmol/L

Answer 18

respiratory acidosis

Question 19

Defining pO2 one could state that it is ______

Answer 19

the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the blood