Electrolytes Flashcards
Dehydration
Dec in water
K
Potassium
+ cation
Range 3.5-5
Hyper and hypokalemia
- transmit nerve impulses
- regulate muscle tissue func
- affect resting membrane potential
- promote enzyme action
- acid-base metabolism
Overhydration
Edema, heart failure
Water in body percents, ICF, ECF
Body is 60% water
ICF-75% 31.5L
ECF-25%
Intravas 17.5% 7.33L
Interstitial 7.5% 3.15L
Na
Cation, +
ICF
Hypernatremia
Hyponatremia
Most prevalent in water follows sodium
- nerve impulse
- reg of fluid balance
- sodium pump
- acid-base levels
Nerve impulse
Ca
Calcium Cation + ICF Hypercalcemia Hypocalcemia
-neuromuscular, heart contractile force, coagulation in blood, permeability, growth and ossification of bones and teeth
Muscle contracts
Nerve impulse
Builds bones
Mg
Magnesium Cation + 1.5-2.5 ICF Hypermagnesemia Hypomagnesemia
Neuromuscular contact
Heart contract
Activates enzymes
Similar to Ca
CI
Chlorine
Anion -
Charge balances the + charge of cations
Major rule in fluid balance and renal function
Assoc.with NA
HCO3-
Principle buffer in body
Neutralizes the H+ and other organic acids
HPO4-
Phosphate
Likes MG in renal action
Buffer in ICF
Imp. Body energy stores
Inter
Outside
Intra
With in
Hypertonic
Higher on one side of cell membrane
Hypotonic
Less conc on one side of cell
Hypertonic and hypotonic happen
Together