Electrolytes Flashcards
0
Q
What causes a decrease anion gap?
A
- Hypoalbuminaemia
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hypermagnesimia
- Lithium intoxication
- Hypergammaglobulinemia (increase cations)
- Hyper viscosity
- Halide (bromide or iodide) intoxication
1
Q
Features of hypocalcaemia?
A
- Carpopedal spasm
2
Q
What reduces serum K?
A
- Aldosterone - lowers serum K by increasing loss in the DCT and collecting ducts
- Extra cellular fluid depletion - leads to activation of RAA system, increasing renal sodium reabsorption and K excretion
3
Q
How does angiotensin 2 reduce K?
A
- It acts directly on the kidney to conserve sodium and water at the expense of K
- Increase aldosterone secretion
4
Q
Interacellular component?
A
- 40% of BW
- Higher concentration of K, phosphate, protein, magnesium
- Lower Na, chloride, bicarbonate
