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Physiology > Adrenal > Flashcards

Adrenal Flashcards

0
Q

Zona glomerulosa

A

Mineralocorticoid

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1
Q

Catecholamines

A

Chromaffin cells
Epinephrine (adrenaline) norepinephrine and dopamine
Derived from amino acid tyrosine

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2
Q

Zona fasciculata

A

Glucocorticoid

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3
Q

Zona reticularis

A

Androgens

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4
Q

What does aldosterone do?

A

Increases sodium absorption in distal tubule in exchange for H+ or K+

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5
Q

How are glucocorticoids transported?

A
  1. 83% bound to cortisol binding globulin

2. 17% bound to albumin

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6
Q

Metabolic actions of glucocorticoids

A
  1. Increase gluconeogensis and glycolysis when fasting
  2. Increase glycogen storage when feeding
  3. Increase lipolysis
  4. Increase protein catabolism
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7
Q

Glucocorticoids action on CNS

A
  1. Increase appetite
  2. Increase psychological disturbances
  3. Role in coping with stress
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8
Q

Glucocorticoids action on bones

A
  1. Increase bone resorption
  2. Decrease bone matrix
  3. #
  4. AVN
  5. Growth retardation
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9
Q

Glucocorticoid action on stomach

A

Increase risk of peptic ulcer

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10
Q

Glucocorticoids action on immune system

A
  1. Anti - inflamm
  2. Immunosuppressive
  3. Inhibit fibroblasts - thin skin and brushing
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11
Q

Glucocorticoid effects of CVS

A
  1. Vasoconstriction
  2. Increase myocardial contractility
  3. Decrease capillary permeability
  4. Increase blood volume
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12
Q

Half life of glucocorticoids

A

90min

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13
Q

Stimulants of adrenal medulla

A
  1. Fear
  2. Stress
  3. Hypoglycaemia
  4. Anoxia
  5. Pain
  6. Haemorrhage
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14
Q

Noradrenaline

A 
Alfa1 receptors - smooth.m 
1. Vasoconstriction 
2. Increase sweating 
3. Increase sphincter tone 
Alfa2 receptors - smooth.m 
Vasoconstriction 
Alfa2 receptors -fat 
Decrease insulin secretion 
Afla2 receptors - platelets 
Increase sweating
Decrease GI motility 
Beta1 receptors - cardiac tissue
Increase myocardial contractility
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15
Q

Adrenaline

A 
Beta2 receptors - blood vessels 
Vasodilation 
Beta2 receptors - bronchioles 
Increase glucagon 
Bronchial dilatation 
Beta3 receptors - fat
Lipolysis

Physiology (15 decks)

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