electrolytes

Question 1

Hyponatremia

Answer 1

diuretics
n/v/d
overhydration

ha/seizures, dizziness, cramp/weakness

Question 2

Hypernatremia

Answer 2

dehydration
heatstroke
burns

thirst,fever,seizures,twitching

Question 3

Sodium

Answer 3

135-145

Question 4

hypokalemia

Answer 4

diarrhea
gastric suctioning
diuretics

weakness/cramp, constipation, cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 5

hyperkalemia

Answer 5

kidney disease
diuretics
burns

weakness, paresthesias, cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 6

Potassium

Answer 6

3.5-5.0

Question 7

hypocalcemia

Answer 7

parathyroid disorder
Vitamin D deficient
poor absorption

numbness/tingling
T+C
Seizures

Question 8

hypercalcemia

Answer 8

parathyroid disorder
tumor
calcium supplements

weakness/fractures, constipation, hypoactive reflexes

Question 9

Calcium

Answer 9

8.8-10.4

Question 10

hypomagnesemia

Answer 10

alcoholism
diarrhea
malabsorbtion

T+C, increased reflexes, EKG changes

Question 11

hypermagnesemia

Answer 11

adrenal insufficent
hypothyroidism

flushing,hypoactive reflexes, EKG changes

Question 12

Magnesium

Answer 12

1.8-2.6

Question 13

hypophosphatemia

Answer 13

alcohol use
low mag
vomiting/diarrhea

weakness,confusion,seizures

Question 14

hyperphosphatemia

Answer 14

kidney disease
dehydration

n/v
muscle weakness, hyperactive reflexes

Question 15

Phosphorus

Answer 15

2.7-4.5

Question 16

hypochloremia

Answer 16

vomit/suction/sweat
diuretics
addisons disease

agitation, cramps, seizures

Question 17

hyperchloremia

Answer 17

excessive nacl infusion
kidney injury
dehydration

weakness,edema,seizures