Electrolyte Imbalance- 6 questions DONE

Question 1

Manifestations of hypokalemia

Answer 1

Constipation, nausea, paralytic ileus

Fatigue

Hyperglycemia

Irregular, weak pulse

Muscle weakness, leg cramps

ECG/EKG changes

Paresthesia

Decreased reflexes

Shallow respirations

(SHIN PEP CDF)

Question 2

Teaching the client with hypokalemia

Answer 2

Assessment

Obtain ECG/EKG

Serum potassium levels

Administer PO or IV potassium chloride(KCl)
supplementation/replacement

Increased dietary intake of potassium-rich foods

Patient education

Question 3

Management of a client who has hyperkalemia

Answer 3

Assessment

Obtain ECG/EKG

Serum potassium levels

Dietary modification

Withhold any potassium supplements

IV dextrose and insulin
(50% Dextrose w/ 10 units of insulin)

Inhaled albuterol

Loop or thiazide diuretics

IV Calcium administration

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (kayexalate)

In emergencies or patients w/ ESRD- dialysis

Question 4

Identifying complications of hypomagnesemia

Answer 4

Seizures

Ventricular fibrillation

Cardiac arrest

Question 5

Identifying electrolyte imbalance associated with Trousseau’s sign

Answer 5

HYPOCALCEMIA

HYPOMAGNESEMIA

Question 6

Evaluating resolution of hyponatremia

Answer 6

Assessment

Isotonic sodium-containing IVF

Monitor fluid status

Daily weight & I’s & O’s

Encourage PO intake

Hold diuretics

Monitor neurologic changes

Patient education

Monitor sodium levels and response to therapy

Question 7

3 symptoms of hypocalcemia

Answer 7

numbness and tingling

Trousseau sign

Chvostek’s sign