electrolyte imbalance Flashcards
Pt presents with s/s of:
-Flushed skin
-restlessness
-Increased BP
-edema
-decreased urine
-skin is dry
-agitation
-low grade fever
-thirst
would be indicative of what?
hypernatremia
These causes would lead to what?
-Burns
-fluid loss
-diabetes’s insipidus
-admin of hypertonic IV fluids
hypernatremia
Pt presents with s/s of:
-stupor/coma
-lethargy
-tachycardia
-limp muscles/muscle twitching
-orthostatic hypotension
-seizures
what be indicative of what?
hyponatremia
These causes would lead to what? 5 D’s
-diaphoresis
-diarrhea/vomiting
-drains (NG)
-diuretics
-dilution
hyponatremia
pt presents with s/s of:
-Muscle cramps
-urine abnormalities
-respiratory distress
-bradycardia & hypotension
-EKG changes
-low DTR
Can be indicative of what?
hyperkalemia
- cellular movement (Burns, tissue damage)
-Adrenal insufficiency
-renal failure
-drugs (ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS)
would cause what?
hyperkalemia
pt presents with s/s of: 6 L’s
-lethargy
-leg cramps
-limp muscles
-low respirations
-lethal dysrhythmias
-lots of peeing
-low BP
hypokalemia
-drugs (loop diuretics, laxatives)
-inadequate consumption
-too much water intake
-heavy fluid loss
can cause what?
hypokalemia
pt presents with s/s of:
-Bone pain
-arrythmias
-cardiac arrest
-muscle weakness
-polyuria
would be indicative of what?
hypercalcemia
Hyperthyroidism
-Excessive intake of antacids & Vit. D
-Kidney disease
would cause what?
hypercalcemia
pt presents with s/s of:
-convulsions
-arrythmias
-tetany
-spasms
-numbness in fingers, face, limbs
would be indicative of what?
hypocalcemia
3 D’s
-Diuretics
-Diarrhea
-Drainage from wounds
are the causes for?
hypocalcemia
pt presents with s/s of:
-hypotension
-Decreased DTR
-greatly decreased respiratory rate
-hyperreflexia
would be indicative of what?
hypermagnesmia
-excessive intake of TUMS
-advanced renal failure
-DKA
are causes of what?
hypermagnesmia
pt presents with s/s of:
-tremors
-weakness
-tachycardia
-Irrability
-tetany (muscle spasms)
-confusion
-hyperactive reflexes (increased DTR)
would be indicative of what?
hypomagnesmia
-GI loss
V/D/NG suction
-Chronic alcoholism
are the causes of what?
hypomagnesmia
