Electrolyte Abnormalities

Question 1

Hyponatremia?

Answer 1

Nausea and malaise, stupor and coma (neuro sxs)

Question 2

Hypokalemia?

Answer 2

U waves and flattened T waves, arrhythmias, muscle weakness (MSK and heart sxs)

Question 3

Hypocalcemia?

Answer 3

Tetany, seizures, perioral paresethesias, depression and anxiety, Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s

Question 4

Hypomagnesemia?

Answer 4

Tetany, arrhythmias

Question 5

Hypophosphatemia?

Answer 5

Bone loss and osteomalacia

Question 6

Hypernatremia?

Answer 6

Irritability, stupor and coma

Question 7

Hyperkalemia?

Answer 7

Wide QRS, peaked T waves, arrhythmias, muscle weakness

Question 8

Hypercalcemia?

Answer 8

Kidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain, psych sxs (anxiety, altered mental status, but not necessarily calciuria

Question 9

Hypermagnesemia?

Answer 9

Decreased DTRs (1st sign), bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, hypocalcemia

Question 10

Hyperphosphatemia?

Answer 10

Renal stones, metastatic calcifications, hypocalcemia