electrolysis, extracting metals and equilibria Flashcards
what are displacement reactions
redox reactions
what happens when reduction and oxidation happen at the same time
a redox reaction
what happens during a displacement reaction
the more reactive metal is oxidised and the less reactive metal is reduced
what is a metal ore
a rock which contains enough metal to make it economically worthwhile extracting the metal from it
how can a metal be extracted by reduction
using carbon
how can you tell wether a metal can be extracted using reduction with carbon or electrolysis
where it is on the reactivity scale
if a metal is below carbon it can be extracted with carbon
if a metal is higher it can be extracted by electrolysis
which way can reversible reactions go
forwards and backwards
what is a reversible reaction
where the products can react with each other to produce the original reactants
an example of reversible reactions
the haber process
what is a equilibrium
where the forward and backwards reactions are going at the same rate
what happens when reactants react
concentrations fall
forward reaction will slow down
backwards reaction speeds up
are equilibriums equal
not always
what does it mean if the equilibrium lies to the right
lots of the products and not much of the reactants
what does it mean if the equilibrium lies to the left
lots of the reactants but not much of the products
what does the position of the equilibrium depend on
conditions
what is Le Chatelier’s principle
if there’s a change in concentration, pressure or temperature in a reversible reaction, the equilibrium position will move to help counteract that change
what is exothermic
a decrease in temperature
what is endothermic
increase in temperature
what does changing pressure in equilibrium effect (which state)
gases
what happens if you increase the concentration of reactants
equilibrium moved to the right to use up reactants
what happens if you increase the concentration of products
move to the left to move up products
