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Chemistry > Electrolysis > Flashcards

Electrolysis Flashcards

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0
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

The liquid that conducts electricity

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1
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

Electrolysis is when you pass an electric current through an ionic substance that is molten or in solution and breaking it up forming 2 new substances

Using electricity to break up an ionic compound

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2
Q

Why does the ionic substance have to be molten or in solution in electrolysis?

A

So they can carry a charge as there are free ions

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3
Q

Will a current flow through an ionic compound that’s solid?

A

No

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4
Q

If the electrolyte is a non electrolyte will current flow?

A

No

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5
Q

Is the anode positive or negative electrode?

A 
P
A
N
I
C

Anode is positive

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6
Q

Is the cathode the negative or positive electrode?

A 
P
A
N
I
C

Cathode is negative

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7
Q

What’s are cations in electrolysis?

A

Positive ions which are attracted to the cathode which is negative

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8
Q

What are anions in electrolysis?

A

Anions are negative ions which are attracted to the anode which is positive electrode

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9
Q

Why can’t covalent substance conduct electricity?

A

Because there are no free ions to carry a charge in covalent substance

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10
Q

What does panic stand for?

A 
Positive
Anode
Negative
Is 
Cathode
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11
Q

When electrons are taken from the anode (positive) they are given to the?

A

Cathode (negative)

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12
Q

Electrolysis of lead bromide

Where is lead produced and where is bromine produced?

A

Lead is produced at the cathode

Bromine is produced at the anode

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13
Q

In the electrolysis of lead bromide what is the electrolyte?

A

Molten lead bromide

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14
Q

What is the half equation for the cathode in the electrolysis of lead bromide?

A

Pb 2+ + 2e- ——> Pb

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15
Q

What is the half equation for the anode in the electrolysis of lead bromide?

A

2Br- ——> Br2 +2e-

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16
Q

If electrolysis happens in aqueous solution what extra ions will there be?

A

H+ ions and OH- ions

17
Q

In electrolysis in aqueous solution what is produced at the cathode?

A

H+ ions and metal ions are present

Hydrogen will be formed if the metal is more reactive but a solid metal layer will be produced if the metal is less reactive than the H+ ions

18
Q

In electrolysis in aqueous solution what is produced at the anode?

A

OH- ions and if halide ions are present then they are produced. If no halide ions oxygen is produced

19
Q

What ions are there in sulphuric acid?

A

2-
SO Ions
4

       \+ And H     Ions 

          -  And OH     Ions
20
Q

What is produced at the cathode in the electrolysis of sulphuric acid?

A

H+ ions

Hydrogen is produced

21
Q

What is the half equation at the cathode for sulfuric acid?

A

2H+ + 2e- —–>H2

22
Q

Do hydroxide ions lose electrons more easily or less easily than sulphate ions in the electrolysis of sulfuric acid?

A

Hydroxide lose electrons more easily than sulphate ions

23
Q

What is produced at the anode in the electrolysis of sulfuric acid?

A

Oxygen and water

Oxygen is produced because there are no halide ions

24
Q

What ions are in sodium chloride?

A

Na+

Cl-

H+

And OH-

25
Q

What is produced at the anode and cathode in the electrolysis of sulfuric acid?

A

anode- oxygen

Cathode -hydrogen

26
Q

Do hydrogen ions accept electrons more easily or less easily than sodium ions in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

More easily

Hydrogen more reactive than sodium

27
Q

What is produced at the cathode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

Hydrogen gas is produced

H+ ions

28
Q

What is the half equation at the cathode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

2H+ + 2e- ——> H2

29
Q

Do chlorine ions lose electrons more easily or less easily than hydroxide ions in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

More easily

Chlorine in more reactive

30
Q

What is produced at the anode in the electrolysis of sodium ?

A

Chlorine gas

Cl-

31
Q

What is the half equation for the anode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

2Cl- ——>Cl2- + 2e-

32
Q

What ions does copper sulphate contain?

A

Cu2+ ions

   2- So4     Ions

H+ ions

OH- ions

33
Q

Does hydrogen lose electrons more or less easily than copper in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

Less easily

Copper loses them more easily

34
Q

What is produced at the cathode in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

Pure copper metal

35
Q

What is the half equation for the cathode in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

Cu2+ + 2e- —–> Cu

36
Q

Do hydroxide ions lose electrons more easily or less easily than sulfate ions in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

More easily

37
Q

What is produced at the anode in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

Oxygen and water

OH- ions

38
Q

What is the half equation for anode in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

4OH- ——> O2 + 2H2O + 4e-

39
Q

What is produced at the Anode and cathode in the electrolysis of sodium chloride?

A

Anode- chlorine

Cathode - hydrogen

40
Q

What is produced at the anode and cathode in the electrolysis of copper sulfate?

A

Anode- oxygen

Cathode - copper

Chemistry (3 decks)

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