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Chemistry > Electrolysis > Flashcards

Electrolysis Flashcards

0
Q

How do you chemically change an electrolyte

A

Electrolytes are chemically changed when an electric current is passed through them.

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1
Q

Define an electrolyte

A

An electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water.

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2
Q

Give 3 examples of electrolytes

A

Acids, bases and salt water

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3
Q

Define electrolysis

A

Electrolysis is the breaking up of a substance due to the passage of an electric current through it in an aqueous solution or when molten

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4
Q

In electrolysis what are the electrodes connected to?

A

The positive and negative terminals of a d.c power supply

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5
Q

How do you get electricity to flow through water in electrolysis?

A

Dip the electrodes in to an electrolyte

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6
Q

What is the name given to positive ions

A

Cations

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7
Q

State whether the cathode is positively or negatively charged

A

Negative

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8
Q

Which electrode are cations attracted to?

A

The cathode

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9
Q

What is the name given to negative ions?

A

Anions

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10
Q

State whether the anode is positively or negatively charged

A

Positive

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11
Q

Which electrode are anions attracted to?

A

Anode

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12
Q

Which electrode does oxidation take place?

A

Anode

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13
Q

Which electrode does reduction take place?

A

Cathode

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14
Q

Define electroplating

A

A layer of metal is put on to the surface of another metal

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15
Q

Give an example of an everyday item that has been electroplated

A

Cutlery is made from nickel and coated in silver

16
Q

Define electrolysis of an aqueous solution

A

This is a complex reaction due to the presence of a number of species

17
Q

In an aqueous solution water can be oxidised and reduce. Explain why this is

A

Water can be split into H+ ions and OH- ions. H+ (positive charge) is reduced at the cathode (negative charge. OH- (negative charge) is oxidised at the anode (positive charge)

18
Q

Name the factors that determine what is oxidised and reduced

A

Type of electrodes

The ease of oxidation and reduction of the different species

19
Q

Why can’t copper electrodes be used in the electrolysis of an aqueous solution

A

It would react with the solution

20
Q

Give an example of electrodes that wouldn’t react with the solution

A

Platinum electrodes

21
Q

In electrolysis of acidified water what 3 things are suspended in the solution?

A

2-

H+) Hydrogen (H20) Water & (So4

22
Q

Which is more easily oxidised water or sulfuric acid?

A

Water

23
Q

At the anode water is oxidised, represent this in an equation

A

_

H2O-> 2H + 1/2O2 +2e

24
Q

At the cathode hydrogen is reduced, represent this in an equation

A

+ _

2H + 2e -> H2

Chemistry (9 decks)

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