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Physiology Boards > Electrocardiogram > Flashcards

Electrocardiogram Flashcards

1
Q

atrial depolarization-> atrium contracts

A

Pwave

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2
Q

interval AV nodal delay

allows last 20% of blood

A

P-R interval

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3
Q

isovulmetric contraction

A

R wave

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4
Q

where do impulses go once released from AV node

A

down bundle of his into purkinjie fibers

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5
Q

what is a moderator band

A

right bundle of his in septomarginal recess of right ventricle

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6
Q

describe the purkinjie system in the ventricle

A

150 times faster than AV node in heart due to increased intercalated discs and gap junctions

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7
Q

ventricular depolarization-> ventricle contracts

A

QRS

stroke volume 70 ml

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8
Q

1st downward deflection

A

Qwave

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9
Q

where is atrial depolarization hidden

A

under the QRS complex

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10
Q

what prevents the AV valves from blowing back from ventricular contraction

A

chordae tindinae + papillary muscles

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11
Q

ventricular repolarization

A

Twave

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12
Q

repolarization of papillary muscle

A

u wave

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13
Q

isovolumetric relaxation

A

S-T segment

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14
Q

how many ml of blood in ventricles during isovolumetric relaxation

A

50 ml

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15
Q

what does an inverted T-wave or an altered ST-segment indicate

A

myocardial infarction

acute heart failure

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16
Q

what prevents the heart from tetany

A

slow calcium channels

17
Q

what are slow calcium channels aka

A

long absolute refractory period
plateaus

(impossible to fire heart again)

18
Q

what is auto rhythmicity aka

A

automatic conductivity

19
Q

how can the heart beat on its own

A

due to leaky sodium channels

20
Q

how many beats can the SA node keep the heart at

A

45 bpm

21
Q

what speed up the ehart

A

sympathetics

22
Q

what slows down the heart

A

parasympthetics

23
Q

hwat is a primary heart block (bundle branch blood)

A

elongation of PR interval

24
Q

what is a secondary heart block

A

winkebocks phenomena

elongation of PR till 2 atria depolarization show up

25
Q

what is a complete heart block

A

no pattern to the EKG, random EKG

26
Q

what sit eh first heart sound

A

AV valves closed during isometric contraction

27
Q

what is the second heart sound

A

semilunars closed

28
Q

what is the 3rd heart sound

A

ventricular gallop in CHF

29
Q

what is the 4th heart sound

A 
similar to 3rd=heard in diastole
atrial gallop (CHF)
30
Q

what occurs in the heart during diastole

A

arms and prts
Aortic Regurgitation and Mitral Stenosis
Pulmonic Regurgitation and Tricuspid Stenosis

31
Q

what is diastole

A

relaxation

32
Q

what is systole

A

contraction

33
Q

when does end diastolic filling time occur

A

before systole

34
Q

what is the purpose of an echocardiogram

A

detect murmurs

Physiology Boards (7 decks)

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