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Science > Electricity Unit Test > Flashcards

Electricity Unit Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a positive Charge?

A

A positive charge has more protons.

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2
Q

What is a negative charge?

A

A negative Chrage has more electrons.

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3
Q

What is a neutral charge?

A

A neutral charge has an equal amount of protons and electrons.

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4
Q

What happens when the same charged objects interact?

A

The objects repel.

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5
Q

What happens when the opposite charged objects interact?

A

The opposite charged objects attract each other.

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6
Q

What happens when a neutral object interacts with a charged object?

A

The neutral object and charred object attract.

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7
Q

What charge do objects in friction start as?

A

They both start neutral.

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8
Q

How is the charge in friction created?

A

The charge is made when you rub two objects together.

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9
Q

What is the outcome of friction between 2 objects?

A

The objects become oppositely charged.

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10
Q

What do the objects start as in conduction?

A

One object starts charged.

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11
Q

How does conduction transfer charge?

A

When the two objects touch, the flow of electrons makes the neutral object charged.

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12
Q

What is the result of conduction?

A

Both objects end up with the same charge.

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13
Q

What do the objects charge start as during induction?

A

One object starts charged.

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14
Q

How does induction create charge?

A

A charged object comes close (but doesn’t touch) a neutral object, causing the same charge to repel and move to the further side and the same charge to attract and come closer to the edge.

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15
Q

What happens during induction if the object is grounded?

A

The neutral object gains the opposite charge.

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16
Q

What happens during induction if the object is not grounded?

A

Nothing changes.

17
Q

What is Electron affinity?

A

Electron affinity is the ability of a substance to hold onto electrons.

18
Q

What is the electrostatic series?

A

The electrostatic series is a chart ranking objects; the higher on the chart, the more positive, and the lower on the chart, the more negative.

19
Q

What is grounding, and what is its purpose?

A

Grounding involves connecting a charged object to the floor through a wire, allowing electrons to enter the ground and making the object positive.

20
Q

What is the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit?

A

A series circuit has only one path for electrons to flow, so a break affects the whole circuit. A parallel circuit has multiple paths, so a break in one path doesn’t stop the others.

21
Q

What is the difference between an open circuit and a closed circuit?

A

A closed circuit allows the flow of electrons, while an open circuit stops the connection.

22
Q

What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?

A

A conductor lets electrons flow easily, while an insulator does not allow electron flow, leaving electricity on its surface.

23
Q

What is the difference between current and voltage?

A

Current is the flow of electrons, while voltage is the energy each electron carries.

24
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary cells?

A

A primary cell is non-rechargeable and is discarded after use, while a secondary cell is rechargeable.

25
Q

What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?

A

Renewable sources like wind or hydro are easily accessible and don’t run out, while non-renewable sources like fossil fuels take millions of years to form.

26
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

A

Energy is never created or destroyed, it is simply converted from one form to another.

27
Q

What is the formula to find cost of efficiency?

A

cost of efficiency = energy out (produced) ÷ energy in x 100%

28
Q

What is the formula for the cost to operate?

A

cost to operate = power used x time x price of electricity

29
Q

What are the 3 main ways electricity is produced in Ontario?

A

Hydropower, uranium, and natural gases (fossil fuels)

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