Electricity (topic 2) Flashcards

(35 cards)

1
Q

Alternating current

A

current flow consisting of charges that continually change direction

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2
Q

Ammeter

A

device connected in series with a component to measure the current that flows through it

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3
Q

Ampere (Amp)

A

unit of current

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4
Q

Circuit breaker

A

safety device that cuts off the power supply if a source of current passes through it

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5
Q

Conductor

A

material that allows electrical charge to flow easily

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6
Q

Coulomb

A

unit of charge

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7
Q

Currents at a junction

A

sum of currents entering a junction must always equal the sum of the currents leaving it

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8
Q

Diode

A

component that only allows current to flow through in the forward direction

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9
Q

Direct current

A

consisting of charges flowing in a single direction

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10
Q

Earthing

A

removal of excess charge by providing a low resistance path for electrons to flow through

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11
Q

Earth wire

A

green and yellow striped safety wire connected to metal casings

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12
Q

Electric current

A

rate of flow of electrical charge

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13
Q

Energy transfers in circuits

A

electrical energy is transferred to thermal energy when current does work against a resistance

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14
Q

Filament lamp

A

light emitting component consisting of an enclosed filament

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15
Q

Fuse

A

safety device consisting of a thin metal filament that melts and cuts off the power supply if there’s a surge in current

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16
Q

Insulator

A

material that doesn’t allow electrical charge to flow

17
Q

LDR

A

light sensitive component whose resistance decreases as its temperature increases

18
Q

Light emitting diode

A

device that gives out light when a current flows through it and can only flow through in one direction

19
Q

Live wire

A

brown coloured wire that carries the alternating current from the supple in a mains power supply

20
Q

Mains electricity

A

a.c. supple which in the UK has a frequency of 50Hz a value of 230V

21
Q

Neutral wire

A

blue coloured wire that completes the circuit in a mains power supply

22
Q

Ohmic conductor

A

conductor whose current flow is directly proportional to the potential different across it when help at a constant temperature

23
Q

Ohm

A

unit of resistance

24
Q

Ohms law

A

current flowing through ab Ohmic conductor at constant temperature is directly proportional to the voltage across it

25
Parallel
same voltage across each component
26
Potential difference
energy that is transferred per unit charge between 2 points in a circuit also called voltage
27
Power
rate at which an appliance transfers energy
28
Resistance
measure of the opposition to current flow
29
Resistors in parallel
total resistance is less than the lowest individual resistance
30
Resistors in series
total resistance is equal to the sum of the resistance of the individual resistors
31
Series
components connected in series have the same current passing through each component but share the total voltage of power supply
32
Thermistor
temperature dependent component whose resistance increases as its temperature decreases
33
Volt
unit of potential difference
34
Voltmeter
device that is connected in parallel with a component to measure the potential difference across it
35
Watt
unit of power