Electricity Part 2 Flashcards by Cindy Ehret

______ is a measure of the pressure gradient in a fluid required to cause a change in flow-rate with time.

Inertance

(inertness: related to mass)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

There are very few series capacitance in physiological states.

True or false?

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

_____ ____ is a series and parallel combination of resistances, or impedances, that allows a variation in one of the impedances to alter the “balance” of the circuit and produce a non-zero voltage when than voltage is measured between particular elements of that “unit”.

Wheatstone bridge

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Capacitance = (equation)

change in electric charge in a system
voltage

,equal to

C = ►V/►P

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A conductor, i.e. a wire, within a changing magnetic field has a voltage (an EMF), and therefore a current,
induced within the conductor. This is Faraday’s Law. True or false?

true

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Current in battery flows _______ to inductor current.

oppositely

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What tends to try to:

prevent changes in total current
responds by trying to resist change in the current pattern of the system
like a big rock on the ground, rock is not moving but resists movement
acts like mass in the arterial system
once moving, less resistance like blood

inductors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blood behaves like what type of circuit component and why?

Inductor because resists movement, and once moving there is less resistance.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Series inductance

Lt =

LT = L1+L2+L3

like series resistors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Parallel inductance

L_T

like resistors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Venous valves behave as ______.

diodes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The splanchnic circulation is composed of gastric, small intestinal, colonic, pancreatic, hepatic, and splenic circulations, arranged in ______ with one another.

parallel

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

“Compliance” is synonymous with ______.

capacitor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

“Inertness” is synonymous with _____.

inductors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most circulatory systems are parallel _______ systems.

inductor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mathematical “logic” processors are: (3)

multiply

divide

integral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is known as:

Guyton’s Circulatory Analogue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The brain is a _______ circuit.

parallel

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If the brain has a clot in it, the resistor with the clot will face more resistance.

If the brain see higher pressures, all organ systems will see ________ pressures as a result.

increased

Remember: V=IR : P=QR and I=V/R : Q= P/R

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brain resistance > _____ resistance > _____ resistance.

kidney

liver

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What organ system does this image depict and why?

Lungs because they act like a parallel combination of a flow device.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What portion of the graph depicts constant pressure?

Which depicts constant flow?

black

red

When inductors are connected in ______, their overal inductance (inertance for fluids) is reduced thereby requiring less energy input to produce current (blood) flow.

parallel

Use the ____ operator if and only if two or more input signals are at specific levels will the output signal be generated.

AND

Since capacitors and inductors can store energy and return that energy to a circuit they will ____ the current in a circuit depending on their exact state of energy utilization at any given instant of time.

impede

A capacitor impedes current only after it has been exposed to the voltage and current for a long time. True or false? An inductor produces ______ impediment to current flow the instant it is exposed to the voltage and current.

true maximum

What components of a circuit produces a time dependence, therefore a time constant? (2)

conductor inductor

The inductive and conductive have this type of curve associated to their time constants.

exponential time curve

An inductor will exhibit a ____ impediment to current flow when the applied voltage signal varies rapidly.

greatest

The time dependent impediment (resistance) to current flow provided by capacitors and inductors is termed \_\_\_\_\_\_. Note: the resistance to currently flow provided by resistors has no time dependence and is simply termed resistance.

reactance

Capacitive reactance (Xc) =

Xc = 1/fC

Capacitive reactance is greatest at high frequency and is least at low frequency. True or false?

false low frequency is greatest reactance high frequency is least reactance

Capacitive reactance is inversely proportional to frequency. True or false?

true

This reactance is greatest at high frequency (f) and is least at low frequencies.

inductive reactance

inductive reactance =

X_L = fL

Frequency dependent resistance is also known as:

reactance

High frequency ventilation improves compliance. This is an example of ______ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ because a high frequency signal, the capacitor responds by allowing current to flow with less opposition.

capacitor reactance As frequency increases, reactance or resistance decreases

When given an infinite frequency input, the \_\_\_\_\_\_will present a maximum opposition to current flow.

inductor

An example of a high heart rate is an example of ______ reactance.

inductive

The frequency of an applied voltage signal in a circuit that contains both inductors and capacitors and at any given instant of time during the application of the input signal, the voltage at the capacitor may be at a max while the voltage across the inductor may be zero. Example of: Heart beat and inertness of the blood and compliance of vasculature. Heart rate is a time varying applied pressure system.

90º “phase” difference

There is never a phase angle induced by a resistance. True or false?

true

Impedance (Z) =

The sum of resistance, capacitive reactance, and inductive reactance taking the phase contribution ofeach into account is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Impedance

At certain frequencies, the inductive reactance (XL) and the capacitive reactance (Xc) will be equal and the overall impedance of thecircuit will be _____ to the resistance.

equal

A defibrillator contains a large ______ around 5k volts. The defibrillator also contains an _______ to stabilize into biphasic waveform.

capacitor inductor

Since the voltage across a capacitor or inductor varies with the frequency of the input signal, we can use these elements and combinations of these elements to produce \_\_\_\_\_.

filters

EKG Filters that can pass only high frequencies is a ___ \_\_\_\_ filter.

high pass

EKG Filters that can pass only low frequencies is a ___ \_\_\_\_ filter.

low pass

The AHA indicates that a bandwidth (frequency range) of _____ - ____ Hz should be used to monitor and display a signal in order to have enough fidelity.

0.05 - 100

The AHA recommended frequency of 0.05 - 100 Hz is also known as a \_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_ filter.

band-pass

Another common filter is the \_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_ filter which limits the system response near 60Hz in order to limit unwanted signal produced by electrical equipment in the environment.

band-reject, or notch filter

What is the equation for transformers?

* N = number of turns * sec = secondary * pri = primary

Power in the secondary cannot exceed the power in the \_\_\_\_\_\_.

primary

The amplitude a DC signal would need to be in order to provide the same average power = (0.707) peak amplitude. If GA power provide 120V, then GA power is actually producing is: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_V

RMS Amplitude about 160V 120V/0.707