Electricity, Magnatism Energy

Question 1

Magnet

9/1/20

Answer 1

a piece of metal that attracts other materials.

Question 2

Magnetic material

Answer 2

materials that are attracted to magnets e.g. iron, cobalt, nickel.

Question 3

Alloy

Answer 3

a mixture of two metals. Steel contains iron and cobalt.

Question 4

Poles

Answer 4

Magnetic force of attraction is strongest at both ends of a magnet. North and South pole. Like poles repel each other, unlike poles attract each other.

Question 5

Magnetic field

Answer 5

the space around a magnet that exerts a force on magnets and magnetic materials.

Question 6

Magnetic field lines

Answer 6

The directions of forces in a magnetic field are represented by magnetic field lines

Question 7

Current electricity

Answer 7

a steady flow of charge through wires and circuits

Question 8

Static electricity

Answer 8

electric charge collecting in one place and sometimes suddenly jumping from one place to another.

Question 9

Charged particles

Answer 9

the parts of the atoms that allow for a charge to move e.g. electrons

Question 10

Conductors

Answer 10

Allow charged particles to flow through them freely e.g. metals are good conductors.

Question 11

Insulators

Answer 11

Do not allow charged particles to flow through them easily. E.g. rubber or plastic

Question 12

Negative

Answer 12

an object that

has gained electrons

Question 13

Positive

Answer 13

an object that has lost electrons

Question 14

Lightning

Answer 14

Visible effect of static electricity.

Question 15

Cumulonimbus clouds

Answer 15

THunderhead clouds that have positive charge on top, negative on bottom.

Question 16

Discharge

Answer 16

A charge being released.

Question 17

Lightning conductors

Answer 17

Poles that are placed on tall buildings to prevent damage by lightning.

Question 18

Earthing

Answer 18

when electricity travels through an object into the ground

Question 19

Components

Answer 19

objects in a circuit

Question 20

Circuit diagram

Answer 20

drawings of components using symbols to recreate a circuit

Question 21

Current

Answer 21

the rate of flow of charge per second

Question 22

Ammeter

Answer 22

used to measure current

Question 23

Potential difference

Answer 23

the difference in electrical potential from a high to a low point of energy.

Question 24

Voltage

Answer 24

another word fro potential difference

Question 25

Resistance

Answer 25

a measure of how difficult it is for an electric current to pass through a substance

Question 26

Compass

Answer 26

a small magnetic that moves freely to show direction

Question 27

Work

Answer 27

work is done when a force moves an object. Energy is the ability to do work. The unit of energy is the joule (J).

Question 28

Thermal

Answer 28

Heat energy

Question 29

Chemical

Answer 29

Energy in fuels e.g. food, coal, oil.

Question 30

Light

Answer 30

Energy released when chemical energy and electrical energy are converted tro other forms. Used to make food in plants.

Question 31

Sound

Answer 31

When different energy e.g. kinetic energy is converted into energy that vibrates the air.

Question 32

Kinetic

Answer 32

Movement energy

Question 33

Potential

Answer 33

energy that an object has due to its shape or position.

Question 34

Nuclear

Answer 34

the energy holding atoms together. Can be used in power plants to generate heat that is converted to electrical energy.

Question 35

Magnetic

Answer 35

Attractive energy that brings e.g. iron to a magnet. Kinetic energy is involved as it moves toward the magnet.

Question 36

Electrical

Answer 36

THe energy contained in electrons that allow current to flow around a circuit.

Question 37

Law of Conservation of energy

Answer 37

states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can change from one form to another.

Question 38

Energy transfer diagram

Answer 38

shows the useful energy transfers taking place in a process.

Question 39

Useful energy transfers

Answer 39

Where energy is converted into a form that is useful to us e.g. electrical to heat or light.

Question 40

Waste

Answer 40

Where the energy is not useful to us e.g. the heat energy made by a light bulb is not normally useful

Question 41

Sankey diagram

Answer 41

show all the energy transfers taking place in a process. The thicker the arrow, the more energy there is involved in the process.

Question 42

Dissipated

Answer 42

Energy that is not useful that is lost to surroundings e.g. heat energy off a light bulb

Question 43

Efficiency

Answer 43

ideal scenario where as much energy is converted into a useful form as possible

Question 44

Power

Answer 44

The rate at which energy is transferred from one form to another. The unit is the Watt (W). Power is energy divided by time.

Question 45

Watts

Answer 45

unit of power

Question 46

Kilowatt-hour

Answer 46

1 kilowatt is 1000 watts

Question 47

Energy rating

Answer 47

A scale which shows how much energy a building uses.

Question 48

Direct Current

Answer 48

Current that goes in one direction only. The current from a battery.

Question 49

Alternating current

Answer 49

alternating current changes very quickly, many times a second

Question 50

AC can be converted to DC

Answer 50

using a rectifier and smoothed using a capacitor