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Patterns Predictions Powers > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

0
Q

What is Protons?

A
  • positively charged particles in an atom

- together with neutrons construct nucleus in an atom

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1
Q

What is electricity?

A

The movement of charged particles called electrons

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2
Q

What is electrons?

A
  • negatively charged particles in an atom

- rotates around nucleus

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6
Q

What is charge?

A

Charge is the energy of particles which are either positive or negative

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7
Q

What is current electricity?

A
  • moving

- path electric current flows is called a current

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8
Q

Who discovered that electricity moves?

A

Benjamin Franklin

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9
Q

What is voltage?

A
  • voltage is the force moving electrons

- how much energy the battery supplies to each coulomb of charge

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10
Q

What do you measure voltage with?

A
  • The tool used to measure voltage is voltmeter

- voltmeter are measured in parallel circuits

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11
Q

What is current?

A
  • flow of electrons throughout a circuit

- measures rate of flow electrons per second

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12
Q

What do you measure current with?

A

The tool used to measure current is an ammeter

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13
Q

What do you measure current in?

A

Measured in amps (A) amperes

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14
Q

What do you measure voltage in?

A

Volts (V)

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15
Q

Static electricity can be charged by:

A
  • friction: rubbing, adds or removes electrons

- contact: neutral object touches charged object

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16
Q

What is voltage also known as?

A

Potential Difference

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17
Q

What is a circuit?

A
  • pathway of a current
  • path from one side of a power source to the other
  • negative to positive
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18
Q

What is Static Electricity?

A

-electricity that is not moving

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19
Q

What is resistance?

A

Materials opposition to the flow of electric current.

20
Q

How do you measure resistance in a series?

A

Rt= R1 + R2 + R3

21
Q

How do you measure resistance in a Parallel circuit?

A

1/Rt= 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

27
Q

What is a series circuit?

A
  • only one possible path
  • removal of one globe effects others
  • voltage is divided
  • current is the same
28
Q

What is parallel circuits?

A
  • have two or more possible paths
  • intensity of globe is the same
  • one light removed doesn’t effect rest
  • current is divided
  • voltage is the same
29
Q

What is a insulator?

A
  • allow no or little electric current through
  • high resistance
  • gain charge
  • strong hold on electrons
30
Q

Example of insulators……..

A
  • plastic
  • wood
  • rubber
  • tungsten
31
Q

Why is tungsten used in light bulb filaments.

A
  • highest melting point (or else would be red or orange and couldn’t operate at high temperatures)
  • lowest thermal expansion coefficient (or else length of filament would change and cause problems)
32
Q

What is a conducter?

A
  • electrons that are loosely bound to their atoms
  • low resistance
  • good conducters= almost zero resistance
33
Q

Example of conductors……..

A

Metals

  • silver
  • gold
  • copper
  • steel
  • lead
34
Q

What is a coulomb of charge?

A

-is a measure of charged particles
-coulomb of charge= electrons in large bundles
IC=6.24x10-18 electrons
5amps=5 coulomb of charge per/s

35
Q

What measures resistance?

A

Ohms

36
Q

What is a diode?

A
  • protects a circuit by only allowing electricity to flow in one direction
  • and blocks flow in opposite direction
37
Q

What is joules?

A

-measurement of electrical energy

38
Q

What is LED? (Light emitting diode)

A
  • when correctly connected, glow brightly
  • does not work with reverse polarity (one-way orientation)
  • offers resistance
39
Q

What is a capacitor?

A

A device which stores electrical energy

40
Q

What is LDR? (Light dependent resistor)

A
  • useful in light and dark sensor circuits

- normal resistance of 1000000 but when illuminated with light resistance immediately drops dramatically

41
Q

Why is copper used in electrical wiring?

A
  • cheap

- ductile (easily bent without breaking)

42
Q

What is components?

A

Small parts used to construct electronic circuits

43
Q

What is a switch?

A

Stops and starts the flow of electrons

44
Q

What is a transistor?

A

Has three leads and acts as a very fast switch

45
Q

What is a battery

A
  • power source
  • converts stored chemical energy and electrical energy
  • provides energy and voltage, moving electrons
  • battery (plural)
  • cell (singular)
46
Q

What could be wrong with a circuit if it didn’t work

A
  • battery was flat
  • break in wire
  • LED broken
  • LED wired in reverse
48
Q

The current in a wire depends on

A

Both resistance and voltage

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