Electricity ?? Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the earth , live and neutral wire go ?and what are their colours ?

A

Earth wire - top of the plug ⚠️♻️??
Neutral- left of the plug ?????
Live -right of plug next to fuse ???????

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2
Q

Describe the live wire and its function

A

The supply of electricity from the national grid

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3
Q

Describe the neutral wire

A

Its a return wire , the electricity flows away from it

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4
Q

Describe the function of the earth wire

A

It is a low resistance connection to the earth . No current should usually flow through it . However if a live wire touches the metal casing of an appliance then the current will flow through the earth wire and blow the fuse to stop the appliance from electrocuting the user

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5
Q

What is a fuse ?

A

A thin wire in a glass or ceramic tube and when the current gets to high the wire melts and breaks the circuit

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6
Q

Describe a circuit breaker

A

They are resettable and have a magnetic or heating effect that means when the current is too high the circuit is broken

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7
Q

where are fuses and circuit breakers connected to in the plug

A

The live wire

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8
Q

What is a double insulated appliance ?

A

An appliance that has a outer casing made of an insulating material , normally plastic .nothing metallic is on the outside for the owner to possibly touch

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9
Q

What is the mains voltage supply in the u.k ?

A

230v

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10
Q

Describe the relationship between power current and voltage

A

Current ✖️voltage

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11
Q

What are the units for power , current and voltage

A

Current - amps
Voltage- volta
Power - watts

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12
Q

What the equation for energy transferred ?

A

Energy transferred = current x voltage x time

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13
Q

What are the two possible units for energy in electricity ?

A

Joules

Kilowatt-hour

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14
Q

What current do batteries supply ?

A

Direct current - the current is flowing in the same direction

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15
Q

What current does the main supply ?

A

Alternating current - fluctuates at 50hz

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16
Q

What is a series circuit ?

A

A series where all the components are connected end to end
The current is the same everywhere
The voltage (potential difference) is split across the components and should equal the voltage of the power supply

17
Q

What is a parallel circuit ?

A

The components are connected in branches
The voltage (potential difference ) is the same
The current splits up so that the sum of the currents of each branch is equal to the power supplied by the battery

18
Q

Why are christmas trees often connected in series ?

A

So that small low voltage bulbs can be used -but

If one bulb fails they all fail

19
Q

What is current ?

A

The rate of the flow of charge

20
Q

What is the relationship between charge , current and time

A

Current. ✖️ Time

21
Q

What is current in solid metallic conductors ?

A

Its the flow of negatively charged electrons

They flow against conventional direction as the negative electrons will flow to the positive terminal

22
Q

How do you place an ammeter / voltmeter in a series ?

A

An ammeter goes into the circuit and the voltmeter goes in parallel

23
Q

What is the equation for resistance

A

Current ✖️ resistance

24
Q

Describe the graphs for the resistance of
A) a wire at constant temperature
B) a bulb
C) a diode

A

A) a straight diagonal line ? (not the beginning bit but the long line )
B)a line that curves eventually
C)starts at 0 then around 4 volts it goes up very quickly

25
Q

What is an ldr

A

A light dependant resistor that resistance drops when there is more light .

26
Q

What is a thermistor ?

A

A thermistor is a component whos resistance drops As the temperature increases