Electricity Flashcards
Types of electrical charges
Positive and Negative
What is more prevalent positive or negative charges?
All matter has alot of electrical charges but for every positive there is a negative
There is no majority of pos or neg most is neutral
In which case is neutrality disturbed?
In some cases, when objects are rubbed together the friction may cause charges to be transferred
These are usually negative charges as they are less firmly fixed.
Effects of opposite and same charges?
Opposites attract
Same repel
This will occur more strongly depending on the quantity of charges possessed.
What is charge?
Property of matter possessed by some elementary particles which influences how they are affected in electric or magnetic fields.
What is electrical current?
The result of the movement of charged particles in one directed in a given amount of time
formula for current
C𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐭=𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐫𝐠𝐞/𝐓𝐢𝐦𝐞
What do we need in order for energy to flow through a circuit
- Something to transfer energy to electrons (battery)
- A complete path for electrons to flow through
What is electrical potential?
The amount of work needed per unit of electrical charge to move the charge from ref point to a specific point in electric field
What is potential measured in
Voltage
What is potential difference
Difference in energy in two parts of a circuit. Bigger diff is bigger potential difference.
What is an electrical conductor
A material that allows for an electrical charge to flow thorugh it
- High resistance
What is an electrical insulator
A material that does not allow for an electrical charge to move through them.
- Low resistance
What is a semi-conductor
material with properties of both insulator and conductor
Usually made of silicon and allow partial electron flow
