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Physics Paper 1 > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

what is electric current. A, Ampere

A

flow of electrical charge, C, Coulomb

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2
Q

are electrons negative

A

yes

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3
Q

chargle flow equation

A

charge flow + current x resistance

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4
Q

what is resistance

A

measure how it resists (oppose) flow of charge. - ohms, R

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5
Q

what is potential difference.

A

electrical potentail from 1 point to another. V, Volts.

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6
Q

increase and higher resistence =

A

more diffcult charge flow + reduce current.

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7
Q

increase and bigger potentail difference =

A

greater flow of charge + increase current .

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8
Q

current through component depends on?

A

resistance and potential difference

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9
Q

what is potentail dfference in parall and series.

A

parallel= each component same
series=all add up to total amount.

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10
Q

ohmic conducter means

A

current is directly propotional to potentail differenc.e

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11
Q

what happens to resisance in fixed resistor.

A

restaince constant as temperature and current change.

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12
Q

what is diode

A

current flows in 1 direction.

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13
Q

what are main 3 wires and colour

A

live - brown
neutal- blue
earth-green and yellow stripe

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14
Q

what are the 3 wires made out

A

out of copper and layer of coating plastic

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15
Q

what is live wire

A

alternating potentail difference of 230v main supply.
connects to fuse in plug

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16
Q

what happens if live wire loose

A

it will touch the casing and give electric shock as human have 0v making larger current flow of shock.

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17
Q

what is neutral wire

A

completes the cirucit by carry away current. 0V

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18
Q

what is earth wire

A

stops appliances casing from become live 0V.
provides alrnerating path for current to flow away than to use.

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19
Q

resistance equation

A

restaince = potential differnece / current

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20
Q

energy transfer, charge flow ewuation

A

energy transfer = charge flow x potnetial difference

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21
Q

why can we use therimsotor as thermostat, exmaple.

A

because device can turn on/off dependng on temperaure, likewise incubator for premature baiebs.

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22
Q

complete this - therimoster
low tempertaure =
high temerpatire=

A

high resistance beause alot enegry needed to pass through.
low resistance.

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23
Q

LDR complete + why
low light, dark =
high light, low =

A

high resistance cos use energy for current to pass
low resistance cos take litle energy for current to pass thriugh.

24
Q

LDR exmaples

A

garden light, street light, security

25
Q

what is series cirucit and is it ammeter or volt.

A

connected one after then other with same current each component. - ammeter

26
Q

what happens to resistors in series when add more.

A

it will increase totola resistance.

27
Q

what happens to potential difference in series

A

total pd of the power supply is shared between the components.

28
Q

wht is parallel circuit

A

connected side by side on seperate path, voltmeter.

29
Q

what is the current on parallel circuit

A

current split proportion for each compoent.

30
Q

what happens to the potentail difference in paralle

A

thepotentialdifference across each component is the same

31
Q

what happens when adding resistors in parallel

A

reduces the totol resistance

32
Q

what do LED give off

A

light and energy effiecnet

33
Q

what is oscilloscope

A

display how voltage change with time.

34
Q

what is D.C and stand for

A

direct current of contineous electric current flow 1 direcetion.

35
Q

how does D.C look like on oscilloscope and where supplied in

A

straight line and cell/batteries.

36
Q

what is A.C and stand for

A

Alternating current, contineous electric current in reverse.

37
Q

where is A.C supplied in and oscilloscope.

A

Main supply in National Grid 50Hz, 230V, like up and down repetion.

38
Q

Domestic appliances types

A

blender, iron, kettle, wash machine, fan, hairdryer

39
Q

Appliances to transfer kinetic and thermal.

A

Blender (400w) and Fan(20w) by kinetic energy of electric motor as both appliances movement. And thermal by fricition enters.

40
Q

another 1 appliances of transfer kinetic and thermal

A

Hair dryer and Wash machine, kinetic energy of elctric motor as heat water under motor turns the drum to wash. And thermal as it is both heating element.

41
Q

power, current, resistance equatio

A

power=(current)2 x reisistance

42
Q

what is a National Grid

A

sytem of cables and transformer of electric current and voltage for safely arrive to consumer.

43
Q

the bigger distance bwteen power station and home, what happens, and reduce how.

A

greater energy loss due to resisitance of wire + reduce by build power station near homes and trnasformer.

44
Q

what happens to step-up trnasformer and why.

A

increase potentail difference because less energy is lost in power cabels. AND decrease current.

45
Q

what happens to step-down transformer and why.

A

reduce potential difference because for home to use for safety than applaince blow. AND increase current.

46
Q

what is electrically charge

A

insulating materals rubbed each other

47
Q

what happens when object gain electron AND, object loses electron

A

Negatively charge AND postive charge

48
Q

what is isolated object

A

no conducting pathway to earth

49
Q

what happens when there is charge on isolated object

A

increase potentail difference to cause spark occur

50
Q

what is attraction

A

2 object carry different charge attratcs.

51
Q

what is repulsion

A

2 object carry same charge repel.

52
Q

what is electric field

A

area around charged object that will effect other object

53
Q

when is elctric field strongest AND weakest.

A

charged object close is strongest AND furhter away charge object is weaknes.

54
Q

what happens when a man touch the dome of generator

A

man is postive charge because hair goes up as they all repel each other as each hair is postively charged.

55
Q

what happens when rub cloth and plastic rod insulator

A

electrons move from plastic to cloth

Physics Paper 1 (4 decks)

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