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Year 7 Physics > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy?

A

Energy is the ability to do work.

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2
Q

What is the formula for ‘Work done’?

A

Force x Distance.

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3
Q

What is electricity?

A

A type of energy that can build up in one place or flow to another.

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4
Q

When energy is gathered in one place, what is it called?

A

Static electricity.

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5
Q

When energy moves from one place to another, what is it called?

A

Current electricity.

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6
Q

What do we call an object that gains electrons?

A

Negatively charged.

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7
Q

What do we call an object that loses electrons?

A

Positively charged.

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8
Q

What do like charges do?

A

They repel.

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9
Q

What do unlike charges do?

A

They attract.

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10
Q

How are objects charged?

A
  1. By Friction. 2. When only electrons are able to travel.
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11
Q

What is a danger of static electricity?

A

There are inflammable gases or vapours, or a high concentration of oxygen.

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12
Q

What are some uses of static electricity?

A
  1. Insecticide sprays. 2. Paint spraying. 3. Defibrillators.
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13
Q

What is electric current?

A

The flow of electrons.

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14
Q

If electricity is to flow, what must it have?

A

It must have a power source and a complete circuit.

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15
Q

In which direction do electrons flow?

A

From negative to positive.

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16
Q

What do we measure current in?

A

Amps (A).

17
Q

What is an electrical circuit?

A

An electrical device that provides a path for electricity to flow.

18
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

An electrical circuit with only one path, but several components.

19
Q

What are the characteristics of a series circuit?

A
  1. If one component breaks, the circuit is broken. 2. If you put more lamps into a series circuit, the light in each lamp will become dimmer than before.
20
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

An electrical circuit with two or more paths.

21
Q

What are the characteristics of a parallel circuit?

A
  1. If a lamp ‘blows’, the components on different wires keep working. 2. The lamps stay the same brightness if you add more in parallel.
22
Q

In which direction does current flow in conventional current?

A

From positive to negative.

23
Q

The current is ____________ in a series circuit.

A

‘the same everywhere’.

24
Q

Current on a parallel circuit is ______.

A

‘shared’.

25
Q

In a parallel circuit, when measuring current through a component, the ammeter is always connected in _____ with that component.

A

‘series’.

26
Q

What is voltage?

A

A measure of the difference in electrical energy between two parts of a circuit.

27
Q

Voltage in a parallel circuit is _________.

A

‘equal everywhere’.

28
Q

What is resistance? What is it measured in?

A

The opposition in an electrical component to the current flowing through it. It is measured in Ohms.

29
Q

What is a resistor?

A

Something that electricity cannot travel through easily.

30
Q

An electrical conductor has a ___ resistance.

A

‘low’.

31
Q

An electrical insulator has a ____ resistance.

A

‘high’.

32
Q

The resistance _______ when you add more components in series.

A

‘increases.

33
Q

What are the three main types of resistor?

A
  1. Fixed resistors. 2. Variable resistors used in dimmer switches. 3. Special resistors such as thermistors and LDRs.
34
Q

What is a diode?

A

A component that allows current to flow in one direction only.

35
Q

What is an LED (light-emitting diode)?

A

A special kind of diode that glows when electricity passes through it.

36
Q

What is an LDR (light-dependent resistor)?

A

These are used to detect light levels. Their resistance decreases as the light intensity increases.

Year 7 Physics (3 decks)

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