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Physics paper 1 > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

what is current and what is it measured in

A

measure of flow of electrons around a circuit AMPS (A)

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2
Q

What is potential diffrence/ voltage

A

driving force of the flow of electrons( current)
measured in VOLTS

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3
Q

what is resistance

A

Everything that resists or opposes flow of electrons in OHMS

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4
Q

which way does current flow

A

From the positive terminal to the negative terminal
(right to left)

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5
Q

what is ohms law equation!!!

A

V= IR
VOLTAGE = CURRENT X RESISTENCE

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6
Q

what does the ohms law show about relationship between current and voltage

A

as long as resistance remains constant, if we increase voltage then the current will increase proportionally

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7
Q

is voltage directly proportional to current

A

YES
DIAGONAL STRAIGHT LINE

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8
Q

what are we assuming in ohms law

A

that temp stays constant

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9
Q

what is a series circuit

A

one loop

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10
Q

what happens if one component of a series circuit stops working

A

the whole circuit stops working

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11
Q

how do you work out voltage in series

A

It’s shared equally to all components
V1 + V2 + V3 = V total

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12
Q

how do you work out current

A

same through all components
can also rearrange ohms law to calculate current

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13
Q

how do you work out resistence in series

A

total resistence = sum of all individual resistence

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14
Q

what is the equation for charge flow

A

Charge flow = current x time

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15
Q

what is charge flow measured in

A

Coloumbs (C)

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16
Q

what is parralell circuit

A

has more than one loop

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17
Q

what happens if one component breaks in a parralell circuit

A

it stays intact

18
Q

how do you work out voltage in parralell

A

same through all components

19
Q

how do you work out current in parralell

A

shared through all loops
I1 + I2 + I3 = I total

20
Q

What will loops have if they have a greater resistance

A

A lower share of the current

21
Q

what is mains electricity

A

refers to the power that is brought to peoples homes
230 V
50 Hz

22
Q

What does AC stand for and does it have Alternating direction

A

Stands for Alternating current
Yes

23
Q

What does DC stand for and does it have one direction

A

Direct current
YEA

24
Q

what are the three wires in a plug

A

Live - brown
neutral - blue
green - earth

25
Q

what does the fuse do

A

melts if the current is too high

26
Q

when is the demand for energy the highest and why

A

Late afternoon as people are coming home from work and shchool

27
Q

what does the step up transformer do

A

Increases voltage

28
Q

What do step down transformers do

A

Decrease voltage to a safe level

29
Q

What is the route of the national grid

A

Power stations —-> step up transformer —-> transmission cables —-> step down transformer ——> homes

30
Q

why do we need a low current

A

Reduce heat energy being lost by surroundings
It’s dangerous
And can Burst appliances

31
Q

what level volts are transferred to your home

A

230 V

32
Q

what is static electricity

A

build up of charge on insulating materials

33
Q

do all materials contain charge

A

yes
mostly neutral
as protons and electrons cancel

34
Q

what happens when materials are rubbed against each other

A

causes friction
which moves electrons from one object to be transferred to another

35
Q

does charge build up in conducting material

A

no
so static electricity can’t happen

36
Q

What happens when you rub a polythene rod to a cloth

A

The rod gains electrons and becomes a negative static charge
The cloth loses electrons and becomes a positive static charge
Friction created
electrons transferred from cloth to rod

37
Q

In static electricity do you talk about the transfer of protons or electrons

A

Electrons

38
Q

What happens when size of charge increases

A

Potential diffrence builds up between material and earth

39
Q

which plug, live neutral(blue) or earth wire is in the middle

A

EARTH (YELLOW AND GREEN)

40
Q

WHAT IS RHE POTENTAIL DIDFENRCE BETWEEN NEUTRAL WIRE AND EARTH WIRE

A

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Physics paper 1 (4 decks)

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