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Z PHYSICS > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is current

A

Rate of flow of charge

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2
Q

Potential difference/voltage

A

The engery change per coulomb of charge

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3
Q

Power definition

A

The electrical energy transferred per second

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4
Q

Direct current

A

When current flows in only one direction at all times

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5
Q

What is alternating current

A

What current changes direction

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6
Q

What’s the peak current

A

The maximum current in am a.c supply

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7
Q

What’s the peak voltage

A

The maximum voltage in an a.c supply

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8
Q

Period

A

The time taken for one wave to pass a point

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9
Q

Frequentcy

A

The number of waves per second

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10
Q

Electromotive force

A

The number of joules available to 1 coulomb of charge passing through thr cell

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11
Q

Internal resistance

A

The opposition to the flow of charges through a circuits power supply

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12
Q

External resistance

A

The opposition to the flow of charges Externally to the source

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13
Q

Two types of electrical signals

A

Ac
Dc

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14
Q

In a dc circuit the current flows in

A

One direction

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15
Q

An a AC circuit the current

A

Changes different directionsa

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16
Q

Mains supply rms voltage

A

230

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17
Q

Peak voltage

A

325v

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18
Q

Frequency if mains supply

A

50hz

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19
Q

What’s the EMF

A

Energy supplied to each colomb of charge in a battery

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20
Q

What’s voltage

A

The engery supplied to each colomb of charge

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21
Q

What is emf measured in

A

Volts

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22
Q

A TPD of 4v

A

The voltage measured is 4v when cutrent is drawn from a cell

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23
Q

Can charge be passed from the capacitor

A

No charge passes through

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24
Q

Why can charge not be passed through a capitol

A

Because there is an insulator within the two metal plates

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25
Q

What happens to charge when it reaches the capacitor

A

It stores the charge

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26
Q

Graph for charging a capacitor time v current

A

Flopping line down

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27
Q

Graph for charging capacitor time vs voltage

A

Slopping up

28
Q

Graph for discharging capacitor time vs current

A

Sloping up

29
Q

Why is the graph negative for discharging

A

Because it going the opposite way

30
Q

What’s the definition of capacitors

A

Charged stored per volt

31
Q

What’s capacitors measured in

A

Faraed
F

32
Q

The higher the capacity what happens to the time taken to charge

A

It increases

33
Q

The top of the voltage vs tome charging gqph represents

A

The supply voltage

34
Q

If you reduce the resistance what will happen to the time

A

It will decease

35
Q

On the voltage graph for capacity is the resistance is less then

A

There will be a higher peak ending at the same place

36
Q

What resistance do conductors have

A

A very low resistance

37
Q

What resistance do semi conductors have

A

Pure semi conductors have a very high resistance

38
Q

What resistance do insulators have

A

A very high resistance

39
Q

What is it called when an impurity is added to a semi - conductors

A

Doping

40
Q

What are the upper levels called

A

Conduction bands

41
Q

Can electrons travel well in the conduction band or not

A

Yes they are free to move

42
Q

What are the lower bands called

A

Valance bands

43
Q

Can electrons move jn the valance bands

A

No

44
Q

In a conductors a43 thier bands ir not

A

No

45
Q

Wince thier js no bands in thr conductors what can the electrons do

A

Move freely

46
Q

How filled is the conduction band in a conductors

A

Partially

47
Q

How big of a gap does the insulator have

A

A large gap

48
Q

How full is the valance band for an insulator

A

Full

49
Q

In a semi conductor how large is the gap

A

Small

50
Q

As the temperature increases what happens to the conductivity of the semi conductors

A

Thr conductivity will increase because more electrons have more energy

51
Q

Which group in the periodic table are used for semi conductors

A

Group 4

52
Q

What happens to conductivity when you add an impurity

A

It’s improves

53
Q

What’s is n type

A

Where an element with an extra eletron is added

54
Q

What is p type

A

Where an element with one less electron is added

55
Q

Over all whats the charge on a p type and an n type

A

Neutral

56
Q

Uses of p-n junctions

A

Diodes
Led
Photo diodes
Photovoltaic cells

57
Q

For forward bias what is connected were

A

Positive js connected to the p-type and negative is connected to the n type

58
Q

For reverse bias

A

Positive is connected to the n type and negative is connected to the p-type

59
Q

When do leds conduct

A

When they are connected in forward bias

60
Q

What is the depletion layer

A

It is were the small potential difference is produced stopping any further moment of holes or electrons across the junction

61
Q

For electrons to go from the n-type conduction band to the p type conduction band what does jt need

A

Engery

62
Q

What happens to the electric field in reverse bias

A

It increases making it more difficult for conduction

63
Q

In a led explains what happens

A

Electrons are push from the n-type conduction ro the p-type condiction band. Hole are pushed from the p-type valance band to the n type valance band. When they meet in the depletion layer the elevtron falls into the whole and they produce light engery

64
Q

What does it mean when one of the led doesn’t light up

A

Electrons didn’t gain enough energy to move into the conduction band of the p-type

65
Q

Why do wires have a large diameter

A

To orevent over heating

Z PHYSICS (5 decks)

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