Electricity Flashcards
What are the two types of current ?
Direct
Alternating
How do the electrons work in direct current ?
The electrons move in one direction
How do the electrons more in alternating current ?
The electrons more back and forth in alternating directions
What is charge measured in ?
coulombs
What is current measured in ?
Amps
What do you use in a circuit to measure current ?
Ammeter
Whats an ammeter used for ?
Measuring current in a circuit
What does the current of a circuit depend on ?
Resistance of the circuit
What’s potential difference measured in ?
Volts
What’s a voltmeter used for ?
To measure the potential difference in a circuit
What is energy measured in ?
Joules
What does the line graph look like for a filament lamp ?
as temperature increase so does resistance
the graph looks like an s
What happens in a series circuit if one bulb goes out ?
They all go out Because the current must flow through all the components in the circuit
Whats the difference between a parallel circuit when a ammeter is placed in a series circuit ?
Wherever the ammeter is placed in the series circuit the current will measure the same
How do you find the total resistance of a series circuit and why is it that simple ?
You add all the resistance together because the current must flow through all of them
What is resistance measured in ?
Ohms
Whats the difference in the electron movement in a parallel circuit ?
The electrons will not pass through very component so if one bulb blows out it will not ruin the rest of the circuit
What’s the difference between where you place your ammeter in a parallel circuit ?
Depending on where you place it the amps/readings will be different all over the circuit
What will be the difference in current around a parallel circuit when resistors are placed ?
resistors are connected in parallel the supply current is divided between them
How does the temperature of the wire increase ?
As electrons flow through wires, they collide with the ions in the wire which causes the ions to vibrate more, This increased vibration of the ions increases the temperature of the wire
What is power measured in ?
Watts
With a colour is the earth wire in a plug ?
Green and yellow
What colour is the neutral wire in a plug ?
Blue
What colour is the live wire in a plug ?
Brown
Why is the outer insulation of a plug plastic ?
Because its a poor conductor of electricity so its safe
What does the fuse ensure and if something happens what does it do ?
It ensures that the circuit does not overheat and if so the fuse will blow and shut down the circuit
What does the earth wire do ?
In the case of a fault the earth wire will transfer some of the energy to the ground so that the person does not get electrocuted
What does the fuse do in plug (detailed answer) ?
fuse provides a built-in fail-safe to the electrical circuit for a device. The fuse contains a thin wire that will melt if the current gets too high. If there is a fault that causes the casing of the device to become live, a large current will flow through the low-resistance earth wire. This high current will cause the fuse to melt.
Once the fuse has melted, the circuit is broken
What are the 5 parts of the national grid ?
Power station TOP
|
Step up transformer
|
Transmission lines
|
Step down transformers
|
Consumers BOTTOM
What does the national grid do ?
The National Grid distributes electricity across the country. The National Grid connects power stations to homes, workplaces and public buildings all around the country
What are transformers used for ?
Transformers are used to change voltages and currents in transmission lines
What depends on if a transformer is step up o down ?
The number of coils
What are used to keep people safe from the wires ?
Pylons
What does a step down transformer do ?
Decrease current to a safe use
What 3 particles do atoms contain ?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What are the charged particles out of protons, neutrons and electrons ?
the protons and electrons are charged
Neutrons have no charge
What do the electros orbit in the atom ?
The nucleus
Generally atoms are neutral what changes there charge ?
Loosing or gaining electron changes its charge
Generally atoms are neutral what changes there charge ?
Loosing or gaining electron changes its charge
What happens to the atoms charge if it loses an electron ?
It gets a positive charge
+1
What happens if an atoms charge if it gains an electron ?
It’s charge will become negative
- 1
What happens when to objects get rubbed together ?
They become electrically charged this is called friction when they rub and the electric charge is static electricity
What happens to the materials electrons when they become rubbed together ?
Electrons, which are negatively charged, may be ‘rubbed off’ one material and on to the other. The material that gains electrons becomes negatively charged. The material that loses electrons is left with a positive charge
Why do the electrons leave the atom in friction ?
Because they gain energy
What’s different with conductors compared to insulators in friction ?
Insulators prevent the electrons from moving and the charge remains static. Conductors, on the other hand, cannot hold the charge
What do all charged objects have around them ?
Electrical field
what does the electrical field show ?
How the charged particles interact with each other
What can be used in a circuit instead of a fuse ?
Circuit breaker
What are the 3 components tested in the testing components practical ?
Resistor
Filament lamp
Diode
What’s resolution ?
How much it goes up by in figure
