Electricity Flashcards
Charging by friction
The charging of two neutral objects made of different materials by rubbing them together.
Law of Electric Charges
Objects that have opposite charges attract each other;
(+ attracts -)
Objects that have like charges repel each other.
(- repels -, + repels +)
Induced charge serperation
A shift in the position of electrons in a neutral object that occurs when a charged object is brought near it.
Charging by Induction
Charging a neutral object by bringing another charged object close to, but not touching, the neutral object.
Charging by Conduction
This occurs when two objects with different amounts of electric charge come in contact and electrons move from one object to the other.
Electric Discharge
The rapid transfer of electrons from one object to another.
Whenever there is an imbalance of electrons, the electrons will move from the object with more electrons to the object with fewer electrons.
Insulators
These are materials that do not allow electrons to flow freely.
In an insulator, electrons are tightly-bound to the atoms that make up the material, so they are not free to move.
Conductors
A good conductor is any material that allows electrons to flow easily through it. Examples are metals like copper, aluminum, etc.
Potential Difference
(also known as voltage) is the difference in energy between electrons at two different points in a circuit
Series Circuit
if you add more electrical devices, each one gets less voltage
More resistance reduces the amount of current flow
Less current flow means the battery will last longer though
Parallel Circuit
the devices do not share the electrical pressure (or voltage)
each appliance gets the full voltage it needs
each load will works with full power
ie. adding more bulbs does not make each bulb give off less light
This increases current and will cause the battery to run out quicker
4 ways of resistance
-temperature
-thickness
-material
-length
