Electrical transmission and generation Flashcards
What is Electrical Generation
the process of converting forms of energy into electrical energy
What is Electrical transmission
The process of transporting electrical power from generated sourse, to end users by network of transmission lines and substations
Types of electrical power generation
- Thermal Power Generation
- Renewable Energy Sources
What are Thermal Power generation
A method that either uses the heat to either burn (fossil fuel) or steam (water), to operate turbines that’s linked to a generator
The up and down sides of Thermal power generation
- The up-side is that it’s reliable and well-established with high output.
- The down-side is that it emits high CO2 into the atmosphere, and releases radioactive wastes into the environment.
What is Renewable Energy Sources
- A source that produces energy that can used over and over again without running out of, like solar energy from the sun or wind turbines from the sun.
- This method doesn’t affect the environment in a bad way.
What are the key components of power generation systems
- Turbines
- Generators
- Transformers
- Fuel supply systems
What are the use of turbines
Converst machanical energy into rotational energy
What is the use of Generators
converst rotational energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction
What is the use of transformer
Steps up voltage for efficient transmission over long distances
What’s the use of fuel supply systems
Provides rew materials like coal or natural gases, to fuel power plants
Whats the use of transmission of electrical power
Involves moving elecgtricity from power plants to cinsumers through high-voltage power lines, substation and transformers
What are the use of transmission lines
Transmit electricity at high voltage to minimize enrgy loss
Also uses AC for long distance transmission, and DC for specific situations for certin long-distance transmission.
What’s the use of Substations and Transformers
- Uses step-up transformers to increase voltage fo electricalcurrent for long distance
- Uses step-down transformers to reduce voltage to a safe level of distribution to homes and businesses
What’s the use of Trnsmission network Structure
- A Grid, to interconnect power lines ensuring electricity can be transfered from one part of the system to another
- A National Grid, for large-scale transmission system covering the whole country
- A Reginal Grid, for local networks connected to smaller regions
What’s the use of Electrical Distrabution
Once electricity reaches local distribution:
- Distribution Lines, deliver lower-voltage electricity to homes and businesses
- Distribution transformer, steps down voltage to housholds or buessines level
- Consumers, power being sent to residential, industriual and commercial users to consume
What’s Efficiency and Lossesin Transmission
- The Power Loss of electriacl energy occuring due to resistance of transmission lines. Loss increases with distance and current.
- High-Voltage transmission is stepped up using transformers for long-distance transmission. High voltage reduces current, reducing resistive loss
What’s the formula for Power
P = I^2 x R
What’s used for Grid Stability and management
- Frequency Regulation
- Load Balancing
- Grid storage
What’s Frequency Regulations
maintaining the power grid to a constant frequency (50Hz/60Hz), ensuring stable operation of electrical equipment
What is Load Balancing
Matches electricity supply demand in real-time, adjusting power station outputs according to flucations in consumption
What’s Grid Storage
Technology like pumped hydro storage, batteries and compressed air can store energy during periods of low damand and release it when demansd peaks
What’s Smart grid and Modern Development
Technology, using digital commmunication technology to improve grid managment, monitor electricity use, and intergate renewable energy sources more efficiently.
The advantages are, increases reliability, efficiency and intergaration of renewable energy
What’s the use of Smart grid and Modern Development
Using Distribution Generation, small- scale generation like solar panals and wind turbines, are located closer to the consumer, reducing transmission losses ad improves resilience.
What are the Challenges in Power Generation and Transmission
- Environmental Impact
- Energy Storage
- Infustructure Aging
- Grid Congestion
- Cybersecurity
What’s environmental Impact
Emissions from fossils feuls, habitat disruption from large power plant or dams.
What’s Energy Sources
Efficiant stroage of renewable sources like wind or solar
What’s Infrastructure Ageing
Updating outdated transmissions systems for better efficiency and capacity
What’s Grid Congestion
When exceeding demad capacity of transmission network, leading to blackouts or brownouts
What’s cybersecurity
Protecting the grib from cyberattacks is a growing concern as grids become more interconnceted and reliant on digital systems
What’s the use of Electrical Transmission and generation
- They are a fundemantal to moder society, ensuring that power is reliable and efficiently provinding to consumers
- To intergrate renewable energy sources and smart grid technology to improve efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and managing growth demand
What is Substations
A facility that steps up/down voltage levles and routes power
Transmission line losses
Energy losses that occer as electrical power is transmitted over long distance
What’s power factor
The ratio of real power to appatent power in a circuit
