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Clinical Practice > Electrical Stimulation Parameters (full) > Flashcards

Electrical Stimulation Parameters (full) Flashcards

1
Q

What type of ES is Russian Burst Modulation?

A

NMES

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2
Q

Uses of Russian Burst Modulation?

A

muscle strengthening, synchronous firing, and atrophy prevention

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3
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - pulse width/duration?

A

150 - 200 microseconds

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4
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - pulse frequency?

A

50 - 70 pps

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5
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - on:off time?

A

will vary; avg = 10:50 sec for more than 10 reps (10 min)

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6
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - ramp interval?

A

about 1 - 5 sec up/down

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7
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - electrode placement?

A

bipolar on muscle belly

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8
Q

Russian Burst Modulation - amplitude?

A

maximum contraction/pt tolerance

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9
Q

Uses of NMES?

A

muscle strengthening, synchronous firing and atrophy prevention

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10
Q

NMES - pulse duration/width?

A

200 - 800 microseconds

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11
Q

NMES - pulse frequency?

A

30 - 100 pps

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12
Q

NMES - on:off time?

A

will vary; avg = 10:50 sec for more than 10 reps (10 min)

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13
Q

NMES - ramp?

A

1 - 5 sec up/down

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14
Q

NMES - electrode placement?

A

bipolar; parallel to muscle fibers on muscle belly

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15
Q

NMES - amplitude?

A

maximum contraction/pt tolerance

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16
Q

What does the muscle do if properly on NMES?

A

CONTRACT!!!

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17
Q

What size electrode do I use for NMES?

A

the size will correlate with the size of the targeted muscle

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18
Q

How do you determine your NMES treatment time?

A

on the number of muscle contractions, NOT LENGTH OF TIME!!

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19
Q

What type of ES is Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)?

A

a type of NMES

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20
Q

Uses for Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)?

A

used in braces for muscle stimulation

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21
Q

Specific (yet common) uses for FES?

A

shoulder subluxation and foot drop

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22
Q

Uses for Interferential Current (IFC)

A

pain modulation, edema reduction, and muscle contraction

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23
Q

IFC - wave form?

A

alternating current (polyphasic sinusoidal) amplitude modulated beats

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24
Q

IFC - pulse width/duration?

A

200 - 400 microseconds

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25
Q

IFC - pulse frequency?

A

10 - 150 pps

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26
Q

IFC - on:off time?

A

continuous for 10-30 min

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27
Q

IFC - electrode placement?

A

in an X pattern with channels crossing so that the middle of the X is the target area

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28
Q

IFC - amplitude?

A

strong but tolerable

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29
Q

Why does my body take a longer time adjusting to IFC?

A

because there is back and forth between constructive and destructive interference which gives the body too much variation to adjust efficiency

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30
Q

High Rate TENS - uses?

A

pain modulation through central inhibition (gate control theory)

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31
Q

High Rate TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

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32
Q

High Rate TENS - pulse frequency?

A

50 - 80 pps

33
Q

High Rate TENS - on:off time?

A

can either be continuous, pulsatile or burst for 10 min

34
Q

High Rate TENS - amplitude?

A

comfortable tingling sensation… NO muscle response/contraction

35
Q

What does High Rate TENS do to pain?

A

onset of relief is super quick, but it is extremely temporary

36
Q

How does High Rate TENS work?

A

Gate Control Theory basically

37
Q

Low Rate TENS (Acupuncture) - uses?

A

pain modulation through descending pathways generating endogenous opiates

38
Q

Low Rate TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

39
Q

Low Rate TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

150 - 300 microseconds

40
Q

Low Rate TENS - pulse frequency?

A

1-5 pps

41
Q

Low Rate TENS - amplitude?

A

strong, but comfortable rhythmic muscle twitch

42
Q

How does Low Rate TENS work?

A

stimulates PAG to release of Sub P to stop the C fiber ascension… so pain modulation via endogenous opiates from brain to SC

43
Q

Brief Intense TENS uses?

A

wound debridement, passive stretching, or joint mob

44
Q

What is Brief Intense TENS?

A

basically, a painful distraction from something more painful (such as before a procedure)

45
Q

Brief Intense TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

46
Q

Brief Intense TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

50 - 250 microseconds

47
Q

Brief Intense TENS - pulse frequency?

A

80 - 150 pps

48
Q

Brief Intense TENS - on:off time?

A

continuous for 15 min

49
Q

Brief Intense TENS - electrode placement?

A

around target tissue

50
Q

Brief Intense TENS - amplitude?

A

pt’s tolerance, but it needs to be very strong and painful

51
Q

Burst Mode TENS - uses?

A

combines low and high rate TENS for pain modulation

52
Q

Burst Mode TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

53
Q

Burst Mode TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

continuous, pulsatile, or burst

54
Q

Burst Mode TENS - pulse frequency?

A

50 - 100 pps in burst of 1 - 4 pps

55
Q

Burst Mode TENS - on:off time?

A

20 - 30 min

56
Q

Burst Mode TENS - electrode placement?

A

around target tissue

57
Q

Burst Mode TENS - amplitude?

A

comfortable, intermittent paresthesia

58
Q

What does Burst Mode TENS do to pain?

A

takes about 20-40 min for pain relief, but it lasts for hours

59
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - uses?

A

stimulates trigger point or local area of pain (tendonitis)

60
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

61
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

150 - 300 microseconds

62
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - pulse frequency?

A

1 - 5 pps

63
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - on:off time?

A

10 - 30 sec increments for 15 - 20 min

64
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - electrode placement?

A

on target tissue

65
Q

Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS - amplitude?

A

maximum tolerance; should be uncomfortable

66
Q

What does Hyperstimulation (point-stim) TENS do to pain?

A

takes about 20-40 min for pain relief, but it lasts hours

67
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - uses?

A

wound healing, tissue repair

68
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - wave form?

A

monophasic

69
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - pulse width/duration?

A

20 - 100 microseconds

70
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - pulse frequency?

A

50 - 200 pps

71
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - on:off time?

A

continuous for 20 - 60 min

72
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - electrode placement?

A

on target tissue; positioning according to negative/positive based on the treatment

73
Q

Low-intensity DC (microcurrent) - amplitude?

A

comfortable tingling sensation; NO MUSCLE RESPONSE

74
Q

Explain positive and negative electrode placement in regard to Low-intensity DC (microcurrent)?

A

if positive (anode) is on the wound, negatively charged particles would come in and positive particles would be pushed out… each treatment has different placements depending on if the particles are negative/positive so look them up prior to administering

75
Q

Iontophoresis - uses?

A

transport of medicine via polarity

76
Q

Iontophoresis - wave form?

A

direct current, monophasic

77
Q

Iontophoresis - electrode placement?

A

on target tissue; position according to negative/positive based on treatment

78
Q

Iontophoresis - amplitude?

A

max intensity = 4 - 5 milliamps

Clinical Practice (4 decks)

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