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Clinical Practice > Electrical Stimulation Parameters (competency) > Flashcards

Electrical Stimulation Parameters (competency) Flashcards

1
Q

NMES - uses?

A

muscle strengthening, synchronous firing, and atrophy prevention

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2
Q

NMES - pulse width/duration?

A

200 - 800 microseconds

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3
Q

NMES - frequency?

A

30 - 100 pps

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4
Q

NMES - on:off time?

A

will vary; avg = 10:50 for 10 reps (10 min)

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5
Q

NMES - ramp?

A

1-5 sec up/down

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6
Q

NMES - electrode placement?

A

bipolar; parallel to muscle fibers

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7
Q

NMES - amplitude?

A

maximum contraction/tolerance

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8
Q

What are the TWO biggest thing about performing NMES successfully?

A
  1. ) you must see a muscle contraction

2. ) determine treatment based on number of contractions, not a length of time

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9
Q

IFC - uses?

A

pain modulation, edema reduction, and sometimes muscle contraction

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10
Q

IFC - wave form?

A

alternating current (polyphasic sinusoidal) amplitude modulated beats

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11
Q

IFC - pulse width/duration?

A

200 - 400 microseconds

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12
Q

IFC - frequency?

A

10 - 150 pps

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13
Q

IFC - on:off time?

A

continuous for 10 - 30 min

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14
Q

IFC - ramp?

A

n/a

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15
Q

IFC - electrode placement?

A

in an X pattern with channels crossed so that the X is in the middle of the target treatment area

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16
Q

IFC - amplitude?

A

strong but tolerable sensation

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17
Q

Does the pt adapt easily to NMES?

A

not easily, because of the back and forth between constructive and destructive interference… but definitely may need to be turned up periodically if wearing for a long duration

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18
Q

High Rate TENS - uses?

A

pain modulation through central inhibition (basically, gate control theory)

19
Q

High Rate TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

20
Q

High Rate TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

50 - 100 microseconds

21
Q

High Rate TENS - frequency?

A

50 - 80 pps

22
Q

High Rate TENS - on:off time?

A

continuous, pulsatile, or burst for 10 min - hours

23
Q

High Rate TENS - amplitude?

A

comfortable tingling sensation; NO MUSCLE RESPONSE

24
Q

Explain how well pain relief occurs with High Rate TENS?

A

onset of relief is fast, but the duration of pain relief is temporary

25
Q

Low Rate TENS - uses?

A

pain modulation through descending pathways generating endogenous opiates

26
Q

Low Rate TENS - wave form?

A

asymmetrical biphasic

27
Q

Low Rate TENS - pulse width/duration?

A

150 - 300 microseconds

28
Q

Low Rate TENS - frequency?

A

1 - 5 pps

29
Q

Low Rate TENS - on:off time?

A

continuous for 20 - 40 min

30
Q

Low Rate TENS - amplitude?

A

strong but comfortable MUSCLE TWITCH

31
Q

Explain how well pain relief occurs with Low Rate TENS?

A

onset of relief = 20 - 40 min and it lasts more than an hour

32
Q

Contraindications for ES?

A

pacemaker
on top of the carotid, eyes, pelvis or low back for pregnant women
transcerebrally (on pt head)
over a muscle that is being stimulated but it cannot move

33
Q

Precautions for ES?

A 
cardiac disease
impaired mental status
open wound
skin irritation
uncontrolled HTN or hypoTN
bleeding disorders
34
Q

Thermal Continuous US - uses?

A

improves tissue extensibility via heat and causes blood flow to increase in the area which can increase the healing properties going to that area

35
Q

Thermal Continuous US - duty cycle?

A

continuous thermal (heating) sensation

36
Q

Thermal Continuous US - frequency?

A

1mH = 5cm deep
3mH = 1-2cm deep
SO, the deeper the tissue, the lower the frequency!

37
Q

Thermal Continuous US - output (intensity)?

A

1.6 W/cm2

38
Q

Non-Thermal (pulsed) US - uses?

A

pain modulation, increase CT extensibility, increase healing process

39
Q

Non-Thermal (pulsed) US - duty cycle?

A

20% on and 80% off (pulsed)

40
Q

Non-Thermal (pulsed) US - frequency?

A

either 1mH (deep tissues) or 3mH (superficial tissues)

41
Q

Non-Thermal (pulsed) US - output/intensity?

A

0.6 W/cm2

42
Q

Contraindications for US?

A 
impaired circulation
impaired cognition
absent sensation
cancers
directly over plastic or metal
over vital areas such as brain, eyes, heart, genitals
pregnancy
43
Q

Precautions for US?

A

acute inflammation
open epiphyseal plates
healing fractures
breast implants

Clinical Practice (4 decks)

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