electrical modality Flashcards
waveform of TENS IFC NMES
T: biphasic
I: sine
N: Russian or biphasic
TENS advantage
Portable, can be used while exercising or work
Self-treatment
Alternative to cold
Alternative to pain medication
TENS disadvantage
Eliminates pain, not the cause
May mask more serious problems
Cannot be used over transthoracic area
FIbers activation on TENS: Acute, chronic and pain relief
A: A-beta
C: a-delta + C
P: A-beta, A-delta, C
what is the intensity for acute pain
pleasant tingling without contraction
what is the intensity for chronic pain with TENS
to tolerance, burning, needling sensation, slight muscle twitch
what is the intensity for chronic pain with IFC
pleasant tingling with or without mild twitch contraction
intensity for pain reduction before rehab
to tolerance, visible twitch and tetanic muscle contraction
modulation for TENS
acute: modulated rate
chronic: modulated burst
pain relief: modulated amp
treatment sequence for TENS
acute+chronic: 15-30 min, 1-2 daily
pain relief: 10-20 min, 1-2 daily
onset relief for TENS
acute: <10 min
chronic: 20-40min
pain relief: <15min
duration of relief
acute: 30 min to 2h
chronic: 6-7h
pain relief: <30 min
pulse rate and duration TENS
a: 80-200 pps for 60-100 usec
c: 1-5 pps for 150-250 usec
p: variable <250 usec
electrode placement TENS
A: directly on painful area, nerve roots , dermatome
C: motor, trigger, acupuncture points
p: motor, trigger, acupuncture point
opioide peptide TENS
a: dynorphin
c: B-endorphin
P: enkephalin
advantage IFC
Stimulates tissues deeper than TENS
Larger treatment area than with TENS
Possibly more comfortable than TENS
how does the premodulated is create in IFC
Locate the center of pain and create an “X” around the center with the four pads
IFC disadvantage
Eliminates pain, not treating the cause
May mask more serious problems
Few if any portable units
what can be treat with IFC
acute pain, chronic pain, muscle spasm, nerve block, bone healing, edema control
electrode placement IFC
A: crisscross painful area, dermatome of involve tissue
C: crisscross painful area, dermatome of involve tissue
MP: crisscross local trigger point
NB: over local peripheral nerve, innervating the painful area
BH: crisscross fracture
E: crisscross swelling
output intensity IFC
A: pleasant tingling without contraction
C: pleasant tingling with or without mild twitch contraction
MP: moderate visible muscle contraction
NB: pleasant tingling without contraction
BH: pleasant tingling without contraction
E: strong but comfortable contraction
pulse rate and carrier frequency IFC
A: 80-150 pps, 4000-5000 hz
c: 1-10pps, 2500 hz
MS: 4pps, 2500 hz
NB: continus, 4000-5000 hz
BH: 100 pps, 4000-5000 hz
E: 50 pps, 4000-5000 hz
pulse rate and carrier frequency NMES
postacute: 30-50 pps, 5000 hz
MS: 50-70 pps, 5000 hz
MR: 50-70 pps, 2500-5000 hz
electrode placement NMES
PA: bipolar on muscle group proximal to edema
MS: bipolar on motor point and muscle spams
MR: bipolar on motor point and muscle for opposite contraction
intensity NMES
visible muscle contraction
duty cycle NMES
PA: 5-10 sec on; 5-10 sec off
MS: 10sec on; 10sec off
MR: 10sec on; 50sec off ten 10 sec on
later during rehab 30 sec off
patient duty NMES
PA: elevate part
MS: try to relax
MR: contract during on cycle
RAMP NMES
PA: min 0.5 sec on; 0.5 sec off. to none
MS: 1-2 sec on ; 1-2 sec off
MR: 2-3 sec on ; 2-3 sec off
how does dynamic in IFC is caused
by changing beat frequency
