Electric Stimulation 2 Flashcards
Three rationales used to justify estim for muscle strengthening
- Better overall recruitment of muscle
- more selective recruitment of type two faster
- Creates asynchronous contraction between all muscle fibers, creates more demanding stimulus than asynchronous contraction with traditional exercise
For muscle strengthening should the patients be passive or active
Active
better for a wound to be moist or dry for wound healing
Moist
Rationale for wound healing with e-stim
- Polarity from stim will mobilize cells that are required for the inflammatory and proliferation phase of healing
- Artificially put back electrical potential which may be lacking
What type of water used for wound healing
sterile, saline water
When would you use monophasic current (2)
Wound healing or electroosmosis
What is the gate theory of pain (2)
- A fiber’s relay information to substantiata gelatinosa
2. When SG is activated it creates a presynaptic inhibition around T cells, which modulates pain (c fibers)
How do you activate substantiality Gelatinosa?
Get more nonpainful input coming in then painful input
Traction, mobilizations, TENS
Rationale for using estim during electroosmosis
Mobilize edema
Put negative electrons on the Edema your repelling it positive away retracts the edema
People most often use TENS for what purpose
Pain relief
what is the theory of endogenous opiates
Low-frequency TENS theory
Anything that triggers the release of natural endorphins besides drugs
Releases opiates and alters pain sensations stimuli
What is iontophoresis?
Introduction of ions and individual components of topical agents with direct current
How to calculate dosage for iontophoresis?
How long should a typical treatment time be?
How many milliamps?
Dosage equals intensity times treatment time
1 hour
1 miliamp
What charges should be currents and topical agents in order to push into skin
Like charges so they repel
Acidic under positive, basic under negative
Muscle strengthening
Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Strong motor
tetanic (50 pulses per second)
widest (500 µs)
Wound healing
Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Sub motor (any setting below motor) high (higher than 50 highest frequency setting on the machine) narrow (not matter much)
Electro osmosis (edema protocol, mobilizing with polarity) Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Sub-motor (comfortable sensory)
high (highest setting on machine)
Narrow (not matter)
Muscle pump
Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Motor tetanic or twitching
Twitch or tetanic (one-to-one ratio)
Widest setting on machine
Pain modulation:gate theory of pain (conventional TENS)
Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Comfortable sensory (tingling)
high (highest setting a machine)
Narrow
Pain modulation: theory of endogenous opiates (low-frequency TENS) Pulse intensity, frequency, width
Strong sensory, localized motor
One pulse per second (one hertz low-frequency will minimize fatigue)
Wide (widest setting on machine)
Muscle strengthening
Modulation, treatment time, electrode placement
Interrupted (ramp intensity for patients comfort)
Based on number of contractions and on and off cycle and contractions 10 seconds on 30 seconds off best
Muscle belly or nerve trunk
Wound healing
Modulation, treatment time, electrode placement
Continuous
1 to 2 hours (up to twice a day)
Unipolar technique - one big pad away from electrode (-), one small pad over the wound
Electroosmosis (edema protocol mobilizing with polarity)
Modulation, treatment time, electrode placement
Continuous
20 to 45 minutes
Uni or bipolar (-) on edema (+) just proximal
Muscle pump
Modulation, treatment time, electrode placement
Interrupted
15 minutes
bipolar on the motor points that mobilize the joint where edema is
