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MSK > Elective Surgery > Flashcards

Elective Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Pseudotumour

A

Metal particles cause inflammatory granuloma = muscle and bone necrosis

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2
Q

Early local complications

A

Infection, dislocation, instability, fracture, leg length discrepancy, nerve injury, bleeding, DVT

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3
Q

Early general complications

A

Hypovolaemia, shock, AKI, MI, ARDS, PE, UTI,

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4
Q

Late local complications

A

Infection (blood), loosening, fracture, pseudotumour

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5
Q

Which antibiotics predispose to tendon rupture?

A

Quinolones, e.g. ciprofloxacin

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6
Q

Treatment of tendon tear/rupture

A

Rest, analgesia, NSAIDs
Steroids (RC, elbow)
Synovectomy, decompression
Splintage, surgical repair

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7
Q

Treatment of instability

A

Soft tissue procedures - ligament tightening/reconstruction

Bony procedure - fusion, osteotomy

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8
Q

Treatment of contractures

A

Splints, physio, botox/baclofen

Surgery - fasciotomy, fasciectomy, tendon transfer

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9
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Infection of bone
Trauma/surgery/haematogenous
Osteolysis, pus, involucrum, sequestrum

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10
Q

Sequestrum

A

Dead fragement of bone in osteomyelitis = need more than antibiotics

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11
Q

Involucrum

A

New bone around area of necrosis in osteomyelitis

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12
Q

Acute osteomyelitis

A

Kids and immcomp
Sluggish tortutous BVs = accumulation of bacteria
Loose periosteum = subperiosteal spread

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13
Q

Subacute osteomyelitis

A

More insidious

Bone walls off abscess with sclerotic bone (Brodie’s abscess)

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14
Q

Treatment of acute osteomyelitis

A

IV antibiotics
Drainage
Surgery

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15
Q

Chronic osteomyelitis

A

Untreated acute osteomyelitis
Sequestrum, involucrum
Axial skeleton

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16
Q

Causes of chronic osteomyelitis

A

UTI, pulmonary infection, discitis, open fracture, TB

17
Q

Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis

A

Not just antibiotics alone

Debride, fixation, bone graft, antibiotics

18
Q

Increased risk of spine osteomyelitis

A

Diabetics, IVDUs, immcomp

19
Q

Symptoms of spine osteomyelitis

A

Insidious onset back pain, constant
Paraspinal muscle spasm, spinal tendernous, kyphosis
Fever, systemic upset

20
Q

Investigations for osteomyelitis

A

MRI
Blood cultures
Echo (endocarditis)

21
Q

Treatment of spinal osteomyelitis

A

High dose IV antibiotics after CT guided biopsy

Debridement, stabilisation, fusion

22
Q

Early prosthetic infection organisms

A

Staph aureus

Coliforms

23
Q

Late prosthetic infection organisms

A

Staph epidermidis

Enterococcus

24
Q

Late onset haematogenous prosthetic infection organisms

A

Staph aureus
B haemolytic Streo
Enterobacter

MSK (10 decks)

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