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MSK1 > Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand part 1 > Flashcards

Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Primary role of the elbow

A

Position the forearm, wrist, and hand in the appropriate location to perform function

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2
Q

How many DoF for the elbow?

A

1 DoF (flexion - extension)

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3
Q

How is the elbow stabilized?

A

Mostly by ligaments and muscles around the elbow

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4
Q

Joints that performs the motion of the elbow?

A

Ulnohumeral (trochlear), Radiohumeral, Superior/Proximal Radioulnar Joints

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5
Q

Innervation of the elbow?

A

Branches of the Musculocutaneous, Median, Ulnar, and Radial Nerves

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6
Q

Most common dislocation of the elbow

A

Posterolateral

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7
Q

Cord-like shaped ligament of the elbow

A

Ulnar Collateral Ligaments

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8
Q

Cubital tunnel is created by what ligament?

A

Posterior Portion of the UCL

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9
Q

What passes through the cubital tunnel?

A

Ulnar nerve

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10
Q

Fan-shaped ligament of the elbow

A

Lateral Collateral Ligament Complex

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11
Q

portions of the LCL

A

Radial Collateral

Lateral Ulnar Collateral

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12
Q

T/F: The lateral structures of the elbow are stronger than the medial

A

True

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13
Q

The lateral side is more vulnerable to what?

A

Translation

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14
Q

Most common injured ligament of the elbow?

A

UCL

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15
Q

MOI for UCL injuries

A

Overuse; Repeated stress from overhead movement

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16
Q

T/F: the LCL is not susceptible to direct blows and traumas since it is stronger

A

False

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17
Q

Second most commonly injured ligament in the elbow

A

Lateral Collateral Ligaments

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18
Q

most active and intricate part of the UE

A

forearm, wrist, and hand

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19
Q

T/F: The elbow is highly dependent on inert structures, while the forearm, wrist, and hand, do not

A

False, both are highly dependent on inert structures

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20
Q

MOI for sprains/strains

A

excessive external force that would knock the bones out of place, causing forceful stretch on the ligaments

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21
Q

T/F: integrity of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand should be maintained in order for us to function in everyday activities

A

True

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22
Q

Compensations for the hand conditions are usually presented where?

A

Elbow and Shoulder

23
Q

The forearm, wrist, and hand as a _____ role both as a motor and sensory organ

A

protective

24
Q

Joint responsible for rotation of the wrist and hand

A

Distal radioulnar joint

25
Q

Radiocarpal type of joint and DoF

A

Biaxial ellipsoid; 2 DoF

26
Q

How much force is borne to the radius through the scaphoid during CKC?

A

60%

27
Q

40% is borne on the ulna but is mostly borne where?

A

TFCC

28
Q

Highly important in terms of keeping the stability of the proximal carpal bones onto the radiocarpal joint

A

Radioscapholunate ligament

29
Q

Why is the radioscapholunate ligament is the most commonly injured ligament?

A

It keeps the wrist’s stability during FOOSH injuries

30
Q

Where is the instability seen in injuries to the RSL ligament

A

scaphoid and lunate

31
Q

Lunotriquetral Ligament is the ___ most commonly injured ligament of the proximal carpal bones

A

2nd

32
Q

MOI for lunotriquetal ligament injuries

A

Wrist extension, radial deviation, and intercarpal supination

33
Q

Shoulder = Labrum; Meniscus = Knee; Ulna & Triquetrum = ?

A

Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex

34
Q

the TFCC is usually damaged by?

A

forced extension c pronation (usual position to break a fall)

35
Q

Alternating mobility and stability in the body’s joints are necessary in order for the body to function properly

A

Joint by Joint theory

36
Q

Arch that has the carpal tunnel, distal row of carpal bones, cmc joint of the thumb, and the Capitate (keystone)

A

Proximal transverse arch

37
Q

Arch that has the 2nd & 3rd MCP as the keystone

A

distal transverse and longitudinal arches

38
Q

Usual age for Lateral Epi

A

35 y/o or older

39
Q

MOI for lat epi

A

Overuse

40
Q

Sx of Lat epi

A

aching, radiating pain present upon performance of elbow activities

41
Q

MOI for nursemaid’s elbow

A

pull on the child’s developing annular ligament (nahila ng nanay or yaya yung forearm ng bata)

42
Q

Clinical presentation for nursemaid’s elbow

A

Dec. supination & (+) pain on lateral side of elbow

43
Q

Can a child develop lateral epicondylalgia?

A

yes, but very very rarely. most likely it is nursemaid’s elbow

44
Q

FOOSH MOIs can predispose pts to injuries such as?

A

elbow disloc, wrist fx

45
Q

Fall on a flexed elbow can lead to?

A

contusions, displacement of the radius and ulna on to the humerus

46
Q

Lat epi = tennis elbow; Med epi =

A

Little Leaguer’s Elbow

47
Q

T/F: FOOSH and forces on the tip of the elbow can lead to clavicle, ac joint, or labrum affectation

A

True

48
Q

MOI for little leagure’s?

A

repetitive stress (esp in throwing)

49
Q

Concomitant valgus sprain on the medial side will cause:

A

excessive compression on the lateral side

50
Q

Most common sports in Little leaguer’s elbow

A

Tennis, Pickleball, or any racket sports with forehand grips; pitching (d/t the late cocking phase increasing valgus stress)

51
Q

Why is Little Leaguer’s elbow most commonly seen in younger patients?

A

because of their not so developed inert elbow stabilizers

52
Q

MCL/UCML sprain indicator?

A

Audible pop + pain & swelling

53
Q

Centralized pop + weak elbow flexion

A

Distal biceps tendon rupture

54
Q
A

MSK1 (8 decks)

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