Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK1 > 7.1: Cervical Spine - Anatomy > Flashcards

7.1: Cervical Spine - Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Cervical Spine Area

A

Cervicocephalic/Cervicocranial region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Area for lower cervical spine

A

Cervicobrachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cervicocranial region includes what vertebrae?

A

C0-C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many degrees of flexion/extension for the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

15 to 20 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of joint is the atlanto-occipital joint

A

ellipsoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The anterior membrane is strengthened by what ligament?

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What replaces the ligamentum flavum between the atlas and occiput?

A

Posterior membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Broad band covering the dens and its ligaments that is found within the vertebral canal and is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament

A

Tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2 strong rounded cords found on each side of the upper dens that passes upward and laterally to attach on the medial side of the occipital condyles

A

Alar ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the alar ligament limit

A

flexion and rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What ligament plays a major role in stabilizing C1 and C2, especially during rotation?

A

Alar ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most mobile articulation in the cervical spine

A

Atlanto-axial joint (C1-C2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what type of joint is the atlanto-axial joint

A

pivot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: if a person talks or chews, there is movement in the atlanto-axial joint

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

main supporting ligament of the atlanto-axial joint

A

transverse ligament of atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The transverse ligament of the atlas is weakened by what conditions?

A

rheumatoid arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As the transverse ligament crosses the dens, how many projections does it give off?

A

2 projections (1 superiorly to the occiput; 1 inferiorly to the axis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the projections of the transverse ligament form?

A

cruciform ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

T/F: The vertebral artery passes through the C7 transverse foramen

A

False. It passes around the vertebral body, not through the foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pain in the cervicobrachial area is commonly referred where?

A

UE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the vertebral and internal carotid arteries are stressed by what motion of the cervical spine?

A

primarily by rotation, extension and traction; other movements can also stretch the artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many degrees of rotation and extension can significantly decrease blood flow of the vertebral artery?

A

20 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

4 places where the vertebral artery is most commonly stressed

A

When it enters C6 transverse processes

within the bony canals of the vertebral transverse processes

between C1 and C2

between C1 and the entry into the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Out of the 4 areas, which has the greatest potential for problems?

A

Between C1-C2

Between C1 and the entry of the arteries into the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Most common mechanism for non-penetrating injury to the vertebral artery (Dutton na nasa Magee)

A

Neck extension, c or s side flexion or rotation

26
Q

How many facet joints in the cervical spine

A

14 facet joints (7 each side)

27
Q

T/F: the upper 4 facet joints in the T1-T2 area is included in cervical spine examination

A

True

28
Q

Presentation of the superior facets

A

upward, backward, and medially

29
Q

Presentation of the inferior facets

A

downward, forward, and laterally

30
Q

The facet joints’ plane facilitate _______ and _____ but prevents _____ and ______

A

Facilitate flexion/extension

Prevents simple rotation and lateral flexion

31
Q

T/F: rotation and side flexion in the facet joint plane both occur with either movement

A

True; Coupled movement

32
Q

Between C0-C2 and C7-T1, side flexion and rotation occur in what directions

A

opposite directions

33
Q

How do the facet joints move

A

by gliding

34
Q

between what level is the greatest flexion/extension movement seen

A

C5-C6

35
Q

T/F: There is almost as much movement at C4-C5 and C6-C7 compared to C5-C6

A

True

36
Q

This amount of movement between C4-C5, C5-C6, and C6-C7 most likely cause what?

A

degeneration

37
Q

CPP of the facet joints

A

complete extension

38
Q

Neutral position of the cervical spine

A

slightly extended

39
Q

what innervates the anterior dura sac, posterior annulus fibrosus, and the posterior longitudinal ligament

A

Recurrent meningeal/sinuvertebral nerve

40
Q

main ligaments for C3-C7

A

anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal, ligamentum flavum, supraspinal, and interspinal ligaments

41
Q

T/F: the intertransverse ligaments in the cervical spine are rudimentary

A

True

42
Q

part of the vertebral body that is more pronounced posterolaterally that has the effect of limiting side flexion

A

uncus/uncinate process

43
Q

the uncus and the échancrure of the vertebral body above form what joint?

A

Uncinate Joint/Joints of Luschka

44
Q

What is the échancrure?

A

indentation on the inferolateral aspect of the vertebral body that articulates with the uncus/uncinate process

45
Q

The échancrure is found in what vertebrae?

A

C3-T1

46
Q

at what age is the échancrure first seen?

A

6-9 y/o

47
Q

at what age does the échancrure fully develop?

A

18 years

48
Q

approximately how many percent of the cervical spine’s height does the intervertebral disc make

A

25%

49
Q

T/F: There are no discs between the occiput-C1 and C1-C2

A

True

50
Q

what gives the cervical spine its lordotic shape

A

IV disc

51
Q

innermost part of the iv disc

A

nucleus pulposus

52
Q

function of the nucleus pulposus

A

withstand axial compression and distribute compression forces

53
Q

outer part of the iv disc

A

annulus fibrosus

54
Q

what does the annulus fibrosus withstand

A

tension forces

55
Q

T/F: the iv disc has some innervation on the periphery of the nucleus pulposus

A

False; it is on the periphery of the annulus fibrosus

56
Q

why are there 8 cervical nerve roots

A

there is a nerve root exiting between the occiput and c1

57
Q

how is each nerve root named in the cervical region

A

named after the vertebra below the nerve root (ex: C4-C5 = C5)

58
Q

Why is it that in the cervical spine, the nerve root is named for the vertebra below while the rest of the nerve roots is named for the vertebra above?

A

because of the C8 nerve root

59
Q

T/F: only huge amounts of weight-bearing can lead to spondylitic changes in the facet joints

A

false. even the slightest amount can cause spondylitic change

60
Q

What portion of the cervical transverse process contain the transverse foramen

A

anterior portion

61
Q

the posterior portion of the transverse process has?

A

two articular facets

MSK1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions