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Ortho Exam 2 > Elbow Complex > Flashcards

Elbow Complex Flashcards

1
Q

elbow complex includes

A

humeroulnar joint

radiohumeral joint

proximal radioulnar joint

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2
Q

humeroulnar joint

A

movement b/w the ulna and humerus occurs

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3
Q

radiohumeral joint

A

movement b/w the radius and humerus occurs

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4
Q

proximal radioulnar joint

A

movement b/w the radius and ulna occurs

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5
Q

what do all 3 joints of the elbow complex have

A

common capsule

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6
Q

common capsule leads to

A

injury to one joint affects other joints

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7
Q

motions of the elbow

A

physiologic motions

component motions

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8
Q

physiologic motions

A

elbow flexion/extension

supination/pronation

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9
Q

component motions

A

ADD and ABD

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10
Q

humeroulnar joint is

A

concave on convex

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11
Q

concave on convex –> humeroulnar joint

A

concave trochlear notch of ulna articulates w/ convex trochlear surface of humerus

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12
Q

what kind of joint is the humeroulnar joint

A

hinge joint

allows movement in 1 plane

flexion/extension

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13
Q

open packed position –>humeroulnar joint

A

70 degrees of flexion

10 degrees supination

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14
Q

closed packed position –> humeroulnar joint

A

extension w/ supination

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15
Q

capsular pattern –> humeroulnar joint

A

flexion > extension

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16
Q

flexion –> humeroulnar joint

A

the coronoid process (ulna) lies in the coronoid fossa (humerus)

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17
Q

extension –> humeroulnar joint

A

the olecranon (ulna) lies in the olecranon fossa (humerus)

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18
Q

trochlea of the humerus is –> humeroulnar joint

A

asymmetric with an axis superolateral to inferomedial

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19
Q

what does the trochlear being asymmetric cause –> humeroulnar joint

A

carrying angle of 10-15 degrees in males

greater than 15 degrees in females

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20
Q

in children and many women –> humeroulnar joint

A

elbow hyperextension of 5-30 is normal

olecranon process is smaller

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21
Q

radiohumeral joint is

A

concave on convex

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22
Q

concave on convex –> radiohumeral joint

A

small concave facet on radial head articulates w/ convex surface of the capitulum

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23
Q

radiohumeral joint has

A

3 degrees of freedom

flex/ext

S/P

ADD/ABD

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24
Q

open packed position –> radiohumeral joint

A

full extension and supination

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25
Q

closed packed position –> radiohumeral joint

A

90 flexion w/ 5 supination

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26
Q

capsular pattern –> radiohumeral joint

A

flex > ext

S > P

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27
Q

proximal radioulnar joint is

A

convex on concave

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28
Q

convex on concave –>proximal radioulnar joint

A

convex radial head articulates w/ the concave radial notch of the ulna

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29
Q

what kind of joint –>proximal radioulnar joint

A

uniaxial pivot joint

primary motion = S/P

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30
Q

open pack position –>proximal radioulnar joint

A

elbow flexion 70 and supination 35

31
Q

close pack position –>proximal radioulnar joint

A

supination 5

32
Q

capsular pattern –>proximal radioulnar joint

A

S = P

33
Q

middle radioulnar articulation is made up of

A

radius, ulna and interosseous membrane b/w them

34
Q

middle radioulnar articulation

A

not a true joint

35
Q

when is middle radioulnar articulation at maximum stretch

A

in forearm neutral

36
Q

fxn of middle radioulnar articulation

A

prevents proximal displacement of radius on ulnar

occurs w/ pushing movements

37
Q

ligaments of the elbow

A

radial collateral ligament

ulnar collateral ligament

annular ligament of radius

oblique cord

38
Q

radial collateral lig is also called

A

lateral lig

39
Q

RCL extends from

A

lateral epicondyle to the humerus of the radius

40
Q

what does RCL restrict

A

varus forces

41
Q

RCL blends

A

distally w/ annular ligament of the radius

encircles and holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna

42
Q

RCL assists in

A

prevention of posterior dislocation of ulna from trochlea

43
Q

ulnar collateral lig is also called

A

medial collateral lig

44
Q

UCL is a

A

triangular shaped lig

45
Q

UCL extends from

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna

46
Q

UCL consists of

A

3 bands

47
Q

3 bands of UCL

A

anterior cordlike band

posterior fan like band

slender oblique band

48
Q

UCL restricts

A

valgus forces b/w 20-130 degrees

49
Q

UCL assists in

A

prevention of posterior dislocation of ulna from trochlea

50
Q

UCL and FCU muscle together

A

form cubital tunnel

passage of ulnar nerve

51
Q

annular ligament of radius attached

A

only to the ulna

forms the proximal radioulnar joint

52
Q

what does annular ligament allow

A

movement to the radial head

53
Q

fxn of annular lig

A

keep the radius securely against the ulna

54
Q

what does the annular lig provide

A

stability for the proximal radioulnar joint

55
Q

oblique cord

A

connects radius to ulna

56
Q

oblique cord extends from

A

the ulnar tuberosity just distal to the radial tuberosity

57
Q

oblique cord limits

A

supination

58
Q

oblique cord prevents

A

displacement of radius on ulna w/ pulling movements

59
Q

primary muscles of the elbow and forearm

A

elbow flexors

elbow extensors

forearm supinators

forearm pronators

wrist flexors and extensors

60
Q

elbow flexors

A

brachialis

biceps brachii

brachioradialis

61
Q

elbow extensors

A

triceps brachii

anconeus

62
Q

forearm supinators

A

supinator

biceps brachii

brachioradialis

63
Q

forearm pronation

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

64
Q

many muscles that act on the wrist and hand

A

are attached on the distal humerus

crosses the elbow joint

65
Q

what do the wrist and hand muscles provide

A

stability to the elbow

but contribute little motion at elbow

66
Q

what do the wrist and hand muscles allow

A

effective movements of the wrist and fingers

regardless of forearm position

67
Q

how does the position of the elbow affect the muscles of the wrist and hand

A

length tension relationship of the muscles during their actions on the wrist and hand

68
Q

wrist flexors

A

flexor carpi radialis

flexor carpi ulnaris

palmaris longus

flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

69
Q

wrist extensors

A

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

extensor carpi ulnaris

extensor digitorum

70
Q

what dislocates easily up to age 8

A

H/R and superior R/U

esp proximal R/U joint

71
Q

panner’s dz

A

up to age 10

most common boys ages 5-10

72
Q

osteochondritis dessicans

A

b/w 15-20

73
Q

epicondylitis/osis

A

35 to 50

Ortho Exam 2 (17 decks)

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