Elbow and forearm Flashcards
What is the function of a bursa?
Decreases friction between 2 surfaces.
What forearm muscles does the radial nerve supply before it gives off the PIN?
Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus.
What is ‘tennis elbow’?
Degenerative tendinosis of the extensor origin.
What is an effusion?
Fluid in a joint. Can get synovial fluid, blood, pus and gas effusions.
What muscle provides powerful supination of the forearm?
Biceps. Its nerve supply is the musculo-cutaneous nerve.
Which part of the elbow joint is responsible for flexion/extension?
Ulno-trochlear.
Which part of the elbow joint is repsonsible for pronation/supination?
Proximal and distal radioulnar.
What is a fascial compartment?
A group of muscles contained in a fascial sheath.
What is compartment syndrome and how is it treated?
Increased pressure in a closed compartment potentially resulting in muscle ischemia and death. Treated by fasciotomy.
What is Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture?
Long term outcome of a missed compartment sydrome.
What muscles are responsible for flexing your fingers?
Flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis.
What are the X-ray features of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Juxta-articular osteopenia, cysts, joint deformity and erosions.
What is a Colles fracture?
Very common extra-articular fractures of the distal radius that occur as the result of a fall onto an outstretched hand. The vast majority of Colles fractures can be treated with closed reduction and cast immobilisation.
