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Tri 6 - MSK ll (Tom) > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Common injury that is seen in children between the ages of 1-3 years

A

Nursemaid’s Elbow

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2
Q

holds the arm slightly flexed and pronated.

A

Nursemaid’s Elbow

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3
Q

reduction of nursemaids?

A

forearm is supinated and flexed

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4
Q

tendon usually involved in tennis elbow is the

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

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5
Q

Cozen’s test and Mill’s test is for?

A

tennis elbow (lateral)

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6
Q

is imaging helpful for tennis elbow?

A

no

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7
Q

Sub-acute Tx for tennis elbow?

A

Graston, counterfource brace, and ECCENTRIC LOADING of wrist extensors

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8
Q

major muscle in golfers elbow?

A

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

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9
Q

Epiphyseal ischemic necrosis of the capitulum

similar to OCD

A

Panner’s Disease

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10
Q

Panner’s Disease affects children under age 10, whereas osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow affects

A

adolescents.

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11
Q

Panner’s disease involves the entire epiphysis and is radiographically characterized by radiolucency and fragmentation, similar to

A

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease of the hip

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12
Q

in Panners disease, does pain ease with rest?

A

yes

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13
Q

Typically affects the lateral or central portion of the capitellum.

A

Osteochondritis dissecans

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14
Q

radiolucency of capitellum, loose body formation and secondary changes of hypertrophy of the radial head

A

Osteochondritis dissecans

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15
Q

localized fragmentation of the bone and overlying cartilage of the capitellum

A

OCD

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16
Q

OCD may progress to…

A

loose body formation and post-traumatic arthritis

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17
Q

osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum tends to occur in patients

A

10-16 years of age

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18
Q

Found in young baseball pitchers

A

OCD

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19
Q

Early findings of OCD

A

Local tenderness over lateral aspect of the elbow, Swelling, and Intermittent locking that is WORSE with activity

20
Q

Late findings of COD

A
  • Joint effusion
  • loss of extension (5-10°)
  • Crepitus with motion
  • Muscle atrophy
  • Catching and locking of the elbow
21
Q

is prolonged splinting reccomended for Panners and OCD?

A

no

22
Q

Separation/fragmentation of the medial epicondylar apophysis
and pain over medial epicondyle

A

Little Leaguer’s Elbow

23
Q

most important band of UCL and provides major restraint to VALGUS stress at the elbow

A

anterior band

24
Q

In adults repetitive valgus force damages the UCL. What is damaged in adolescents?

A

immature apophysis of the medial epicondyle

25
Q

treatment of little league elbow is guided by

A

MRI findings.

26
Q

in Little Leaguer’s Elbow if the apophyseal avulsions are displaced by ________, surgical reattachment needed

A

3-4mm or greater,

27
Q

with OCD of the capitellum, the presence of a loose body within the joint is an indication for

A

surgery

28
Q

in little league elbow pitch counts should be limited to

A

80-100 pitches/week

29
Q

Rupture of the UCL usually occurs in the _____ elbow with _____ stress

A

flexed, valgus

30
Q

bursae can be infected with

A

staph aureus

31
Q

About 30% of elbow fractures in adults occur in the

A

radial head

32
Q

fractures of the _____ _____ account for 10-20% of all elbow injuries in adults

A

Olecranon process

33
Q

Coronoid process fractures occur in _____ of dislocations of the elbow

A

10-15%

34
Q

most common elbow fractures in pediatric patients

A

Supracondylar

35
Q

Supracondylar fractures occur at what age?

A

3-10 (6.5) years old.

36
Q

irreversible contractures of the flexor muscles of the hand to ischemic processes in the forearm.

A

Volkmann Contracture

37
Q

Pain on supination / pronation

with?

A

Supracondylar fractures

38
Q

All displaced Fx should be immobilized via

A

casting or stabilized via surgical pinning

39
Q

Elbow Dislocation is more or less common than shoulder and finger dislocation?

A

less

40
Q

elbow usually dislocates

A

posteriorly (90%)

41
Q

mechanism of injury for posterior elbow dislocations

A

fall onto an extended and abducted arm is the

42
Q

posterior elbow dislocations are assocaited with what injury?

A

FOOSH

43
Q

structures injured during a posterior elbow dislocation?

A
  • anterior and posterior bands of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments
  • brachialis muscle
  • flexor-pronator muscle group
  • articular cartilage
44
Q

Anterior elbow dislocations and any open fracture are commonly associated with disruption of the

A

brachial artery and/or injury to the median nerve.

45
Q

upper arm appears shortened, while the forearm is elongated and held in supination.

A

Anterior elbow dislocation

46
Q

after reduction, any crepitus means that a

A

fracture or cartilage fragment was missed

Tri 6 - MSK ll (Tom) (9 decks)

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