Elbow Flashcards
Lateral epicondylitis
Inflammation, microscopic tears and fibrosis of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon.
cozens test
lateral epicondylitis Patient ….. • make a fist • pronate forearm • extend wrist with radial deviation Examiner … • palpate lateral epicondyle • apply force toward wrist flexion
mills test
lateral epicondylitis Examiner … • palpate lateral epicondyle • extend elbow • pronate forearm • flex wrist • stretch common extensor tendon • radial nerve is being stretched
medial epicondylitis
Medial epicondylitis Inflammation, strain and fibrosis of the pronator teres and flexor carpi radialis longus tendon.
reverse cozens
medial epicondylitis
Patient ….. • flex elbow to 120° • supinate forearm • slight wrist flexion with ulnar deviation Examiner ….. • apply force toward wrist extension
reverse mills
medial epicondylitis Patient ….. • extends elbow • supinates forearm • extends wrist Examiner ….. • stretch common flexor tendon
valgus stress test
sprain and instability
Valgus Stress Test Two part test
• Examiner applies valgus force with …
• elbow fully extended. • elbow flexed 30° and supination
Varus stress test
sprain and instability
Varus Stress Test Two part test
• Examiner applies varus force with …
• elbow fully extended. • elbow flexed 30° and supination
tests for ulnar involvement
tinnels and froments
Active ulnar tension test
cubital tunnel test ●flex elbow past 90° ● supinate forearm ● extend wrist ● shoulder abduction ● discomfort or paresthesia within 60 seconds
passive ulnar tension test
cubital tunnel testPassive Ulnar Tension Test ●support arm with your thigh ● flex elbow past 90° ● abduct and depress shoulder ● extend wrist and fingers ● pronate forearm ● shoulder external rotation ● contralateral lateral flexion ● discomfort or paresthesia within 60 seconds
