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PTRS 745 Exam 1 Combined and Randomized > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

Content: differential diagnosis - Overuse (2)

A
  1. Epicondylitis
  2. Little Leaguer’s elbow
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2
Q

Q: What is another name for lateral epicondylitis?

A

tennis elbow

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2
Q

Q: What are the key points of pt. education for lateral epicondylitis? (4)

A
  1. avoid MOI
  2. Elbow and wrist extended and pronated
  3. Hit infront of body so core can contribute
  4. 2 handed back stroke
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3
Q

Q: What is another name for medial epicondylitis?

A

Golfer’s or thrower’s elbow

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4
Q

Q: One function of the elbow is transmission of ________ from the shoulder to the ______.

A

power, hand

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4
Q

Content: Proximal radioulnar pronation roll and glide

A

R = anterior

G = posterior/dorsal

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4
Q

Content: Clinical syndromes based on location of symptoms - medial (4)

A
  1. Medial epicondylitis
  2. MCL/UCL injury
  3. Ulnar neuritis
  4. Fracture
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4
Q

Defn: Medial epicondylitis

A

Inflammation in the origin of the flexor carpi radialis and pronator teres (interface between these muscles)

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5
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for elbow extension

A

The ulna slides posteriorly, proximally, and medially while the radial head glides posteriorly

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6
Q

Defn: epicondylitis

A

Inflammation of one of the epicondyles, which includes both the periosteum and the tendons

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6
Q

Q: What is the MOI of little leaguer’s elbow?

A

Excessive valgus stress and hyperextension and overuse

 Ex. High pitch volume, early use of curve ball/slider, poor biomechanics, lack

 of necessary conditioning
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7
Q

Defn: Stage 1 Lateral epicondylitis

A

Inflammation without alteration in the tendons

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7
Q

Diagram: Identify the test

A

Cozen’s test

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8
Q

Content: Proximal radioulnar supination roll and glide

A

R = posterior

G = anterior/volar

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9
Q

Q: What are the typical symptoms of medial epicondylitis?

A
  1. medial elbow pain
  2. pain with wrist flexion and pronation
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11
Q

Content: Radiohumeral joint - Resting position, close packed position, CPR

A

RP = full extension and supination

CPP = elbow flexed 90, supinated 5

CPR = flexion > extension > supination > pronation

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12
Q

Diagram: Identify the ligaments (2)

A

L - Annular ligament

R - Ulnar collateral ligament

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12
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for distral radioulnar joint pronation

A

radial head glides volarly

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13
Q

Content: Proximal radioulnar joint - Resting position, close packed position, CPR

A

RP = 70 elbow flexion, 35 supination

CPP = 5 supination

CPR = supination/pronation

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14
Q

T/F: The modalities for medial and lateral epicondylitis are different.

A

False, the same

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15
Q

Q: What manual therapy is useful for medial epicondylitis?

A

Deep transverse massage and lateral glides

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17
Q

Term: Increase of cubital angle

A

Ulnar palsy

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17
Q

Content: Clinical syndromes based on location of symptoms - anterior (4)

A
  1. Anterior capsular strain
  2. Biceps rupture
  3. Elbow dislocation
  4. Pronator syndrome
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17
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for proximal radioulnar supination

A

Radial head glides anteriorly

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18
Q

Defn: Lateral epicondylitis

A

Inflammation in the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi radialis longus

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19
Q

Content: Clinical syndromes based on location of symptoms - posterior (3)

A
  1. Olecranon bursitis
  2. Olecranon process
  3. Stress fracture, triceps tendinitis
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20
Q

Q: What 3 modalities are used for lateral epicondylitis?

A
  1. Ice
  2. Ultrasound
  3. Iontoforesis
21
Q

T/F: There are more cases of medial epicondylitis than lateral epicondylitis.

A

False, flip it

21
Q

Q: What education does the pt. need regarding medial epicondylitis?

A

Rest and modify activities

22
Q

Defn: Stage 4 Lateral epicondylitis

A

Characteristics ofthe stage 2 and 3 plus fibrosis, soft matrix calcifications, and faint calcifications along the epicondylar margins

23
Q

Q: What position during a tennis stroke can help prevent lateral epicondylitis?

A

Pronation with the wrist locked

25
Q

Q: What is the carrying (cubital) angle in men and women?

A

M = 11-14

W = 13-16

26
Q

Defn: Stage 2 Lateral epicondylitis

A

Associated with pathological changes in the tendon (tendinosis) and angiofibroblastic degeneration

27
Q

Content: Little leaguer’s elbow - variety of injuries in the elbow of young pitchers (6)

A
  1. Osteochondritis dissecans of the capitulum or radial head
  2. growth plate fractures
  3. apophysitis or fracture of the medical epicondyle
  4. ulnar CL tear
  5. Anterior capulsar injury
  6. Olecranon trauma
29
Q

Content: Differential diagnosis - Trauma (3)

A
  1. FOOSH
  2. Fall on tip of elbow/olecranon
  3. Ligament injury
30
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for distal radioulnar supination

A

Radial head glides dorsally

32
Q

Content: Ulnohumeral joint - Resting position, close packed position, CPR

A

RP = 70 elbow flexion, 10 supination

CPP = Extension with supination

CPR = flexion > extension

33
Q

Content: Forearm valgus roll and glide

A

R = lateral

G = medial

34
Q

Q: How do braces for lateral epicondylitis work?

A

“They take the force away from the tendon”

35
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for elbow flexion.

A

The ulna slides anteriorly, distally, and lateraly while the radial head slides anteriorly

37
Q

Content: Humeroradial flexion roll and glide

A

R = anterior

G = anterier

38
Q

Defn: Stage 3 Lateral epicondylitis

A

Pathological changes in the tendon and rupture

38
Q

Q: What manual therapy can be used for lateral epicondylitis? (2)

A
  1. Deep transverse friction with Mill’s manipulation
  2. Radial head and cervical mobilizations
38
Q

Q: What are 2 special tests for medial epicondylitis?

A
  1. Resisted wrist flexion
  2. Passive stretch of elbow and wrist extension
39
Q

Diagram: Fill in the differential diagnosis table

A
  1. Cervical spondylosis
  2. Radial tunnel syndrome
  3. PIN compression
  4. Intra-articular loose bodies
  5. Tumors
  6. Avascular necrosis
  7. Osteochondritis dessicans
41
Q

Q; What is the conservative treatment for lateral epicondylitis?

A

Corticosteroid injection

42
Q

T/F: The finger extension speacial test was originally used for nerve impingement and later applied to lateral epicondylitis.

A

True

43
Q

Q: Describe the arthrokinematics for proximal radioulnar pronation

A

Radial head glides posteriorly

45
Q

Content: Clinical syndromes based on location of symptoms - lateral (6)

A
  1. Lateral epicondylitis
  2. LCL/RCL injury
  3. Capitulum fracture
  4. Osteocondral degenerative
  5. Osteocondritis dissecans
  6. Radial head fracture
47
Q

Content: Distal radioulnar supination roll and glide

A

R = posterior

G = posterior

48
Q

Content: Distal radioulnar pronation roll and glide

A

R = anterior

G = anterior

49
Q

Q: What modalities are appropriate for little leaguer’s elbow?

A

Ice and hot packs

51
Q

Content: 3 special tests for lateral epicondylitis

A
  1. Finger extension
  2. Cozen’s test
  3. Mill’s test
52
Q

Q: What are the symptoms of little leaguer’s elbow?

A

Pain in the medial aspect of the elbow with edema

53
Q

Q: What TherEx is useful for medial epicondylitis? (3)

A
  1. Stretch
  2. Strengthen
  3. Eccentric muscle training
55
Q

Content: Humeroradial extension roll and glide

A

R = posterior

G = posterior

56
Q

Content: Forearm varus roll and glide

A

R = medial

G = lateral

57
Q

Q: What are the typical symptoms of lateral epicondylitis? (3)

A
  1. Insidious onset of lateral elbow pain
  2. Pain with wrist extension
  3. Weakened grip strength
58
Q

Content: Humeroulnar extension roll and glide

A

R = posterior

G = proximal/posterior

59
Q

Q: What is the “Chair Test” for lateral epicondylitis?

A

Lifting a chair with pronated hand (positive is probably pain)

60
Q

Q: What amount of hyper extension is available at the elbow?

A

10-15

61
Q

Content: Humeroulnar flexion roll and glide

A

R = anterior

G = distal/anterior

63
Q

Q: What is the MOI for lateral epicondylitis? (2)

A
  1. Over use - repetitive grasping with wrist extension
  2. Trauma
64
Q

Q: What education is necessary for little leaguer’s elbow?

A

No throwing for 4-6 wks and biomechanical analysis is recommended

65
Q

Diagram: Identify the test

A

Mill’s test

66
Q

Q: What is the profile of individual who get epicondylitis?

A

35-50 yos and young athletes

67
Q

Diagram: Identify the ligament

A

Radial collateral ligament

PTRS 745 Exam 1 Combined and Randomized (8 decks)

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