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Upper Eval > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

0
Q

Radial tuberosity is the insertion point for what muscle?

A

Biceps brachii

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1
Q

Lateral numeral articulating surface on distal border of lateral epicondyle?

A

Capitellum

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2
Q

Indention of lateral epicondyle accepts the radial head during elbow flexion?

A

Radial fossa

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3
Q

Radioulnar joints are classified as what type of joints?

A

Syndesmotic

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4
Q

What is the bundle of UCL that is a primary restraint against a valgus force when the elbow is flexed beyond 60deg?

A

Posterior bundle

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5
Q

Elbow ligament that is divisible into three unique section?

A

Ulnar collateral ligament UCL

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6
Q

Bundle of UCL, primary restraint of a valgus force?

A

Anterior bundle

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7
Q

When a varus stress is applied to the elbow, the accessory lateral collateral ligament (ALCL) assists what ligament in preventing the radial head from separating from the ulnar?

A

UCL

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8
Q

What is the muscle that is the prime flexor of the elbow when the forearm is supinated?

A

Biceps Brachii

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9
Q

Which muscle is the primary elbow flexor when the forearm is in its neutral position (radial side upward)?

A

Brachioradialis

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10
Q

Which nerve enters the elbow at the arcade of Struthers?

A

Ulnar nerve

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11
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the flexicarpiulnaris muscle and the medial portion of the flexor digitorum profundus in the forearm?

A

Ulnar nerve

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12
Q

A patient with an acutely injured elbow will frequently assume the elbow’s resting position of ______ of flexion to minimize forces on the joint.

A

70degrees

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13
Q

What is the angle formed by the long axis of the humerus and ulna known as?

A

Carrying angle

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14
Q

What should the carrying angle of the elbow for men be/

A

5 to 10degrees

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15
Q

What should the carrying angle of the elbow for women be?

A

10 to 15degrees

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16
Q

What is an increase in the carrying angle of the elbow called?

A

Cubitus valgus

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17
Q

What is it medically called when the alignment of the forearm and humerus fully extends beyond 0degree

A

Cubital recurvatum

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18
Q

An isosceles triangle is formed by the medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, and the olecranon process when the elbow is flexed to what degree?

A

90degree

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19
Q

A valgus stress performed on the elbow is assessing the integrity of which ligament?

A

UCL

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20
Q

Male patients over what age commonly have bicep tendon ruptures?

A

40

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21
Q

The incidence of biceps tendon rupture is greater by how many times in patients who smoke

A

7.5

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22
Q

The medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, and olecranon process form what geometric shape during inspection of the posterior aspect of the elbow, when the patient’s elbow is flexed to 90deg?

A

Isosceles triangle

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23
Q

Which of the following is the distal border of the semilunar notch

A

coronoid process

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24
Q

Which is the most stabilizing structure of the lateral aspect of the elbow

A

LUCL

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25
Q

What are the actions of the muscles originating from the lateral epicondyle?

A

flexion and supination

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26
Q

Which muscle does NOT influence pronation or supination at the elbow

A

Triceps brachii

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27
Q

Which of the following is the most important history finding regarding elbow trauma?

A

Onset and location of syndrome

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28
Q

What is indicated by a hard end-feel with passive elbow flexion?

A

Loose body in the joint

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29
Q

What ligament on the medial aspect of the elbow provides no valgus support

A

Transverse bundle

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30
Q

What ligament is also referred to as the MCL of the elbow

A

UCL

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31
Q

What movement doesn’t occur at the elbow

A

deviation

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32
Q

Which ligament encircles the radial head

A

Annular

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33
Q

Wartenburg’s sign evaluates what nerve

A

Ulnar

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34
Q

Some people don’t have this forearm muscle

A

Palmaris longus

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35
Q

A forearm muscle that flexes the DIP joint of the fingers is the

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

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36
Q

What motion do all of the “carpi” muscles perform

A

ulnar/radial deviation

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37
Q

Which pronator muscle of the forearm also flexes the elbow

A

Pronator teres

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38
Q

Which ligament of the medial elbow is commonly injured first

A

Anterior bundle

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39
Q

Stress testing the elbow in both valgus and varus at 0 degrees is evaluating what structures

A

olecranon and coroniod processes

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40
Q

The Hook test evaluates

A

Biceps tendon rupture

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41
Q

THe tip of the 5th digit of the hand corresponds with which dermatome

A

C8

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42
Q

The tip of the pointer finger corresponds with which dermatome

A

C6

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43
Q

The tip of the middle finger corresponds with which dermatome

A

C7

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44
Q

The deltoid muscle cap on the shoulder corresponds with which dermatome

A

C5

45
Q

A shoulder shrug demonstrates which myotome

A

C4

46
Q

Shoulder ABDuction demonstrates which myotome

A

C5

47
Q

Elbow flexion demonstrates which myotome

A

C6

48
Q

Elbow extension demonstrates which myotome

A

C7

49
Q

Finger ABD/ADD and flexion demonstrates which myotome

A

C8

50
Q

The inside of the forearm to arm pit area corresponds to which dermatome

A

T1

51
Q

Motions at the elbow

A

Flexion, EXTension, supination, pronation

52
Q

Muscles that cause flexion

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, supinator, brachioradialis

53
Q

Muscles that cause extension

A

triceps brachii, anconeus

54
Q

muscles that cause supination

A

biceps brachii, supinator, brachioradialis

55
Q

muscles that cause pronation

A

pronator teres, pronator quadratus, flexor carpi radialis

56
Q

anconeus action

A

elbow extension, stabilization of ulna during pronation and supination

57
Q

biceps brachii action

A

elbow flexion, supination, and shoulder flexion

58
Q

brachilalis action

A

elbow flexion

59
Q

brachioradialis action

A

elbow flexion, pronation, and mays assist in supination

60
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

wrist extension, radial deviation

61
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus action

A

wrist extension, radial deviation

62
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

wrist extension, ulnar deviation

63
Q

extensor digitorum communis action

A

wrist extension, MCP extension, and PIP extension

64
Q

flexor carpi radialis action

A

pronation, wrist flexion, radial deviation, and elbow flexion

65
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

wrist flexion, ulnar deviation, and elbow flexion

66
Q

flexor digitorum profundus action

A

DIP, PIP, and wrist flexion

67
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

PIP, MCP, and wrist flexion

68
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

wrist flexion

69
Q

pronator quadratus action

A

pronation

70
Q

pronator teres action

A

pronation and elbow flexion

71
Q

supinator action

A

supination

72
Q

triceps brachii action

A

elbow and shoulder extension

73
Q

anconeus origin and insertion

A

O:posterior surface of the lateral epicondyle.
I: lateral border of olecranon process

74
Q

biceps brachii origin and insertion

A

O; supraglenod tuberosity of scap and coracoid process of scap
I: radial tuberosity

75
Q

Brachialis origin and insertion

A

O: distal 1/2 of ant humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna and ulnar tuberosity

76
Q

brachioradialis origin and insertion

A

O:lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius

77
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin and insertion

A

O: lateral epicondyle via the extensor tendon and radial collateral ligament
I: base of the 3rd metacarpal

78
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin and insertion

A

O: supracondylar ridge of the humerus
I: radial side of the 2nd metacarpal

79
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion

A

O: lateral epicondyle via the extensor tendon
I: ulnar side of the base of the 5th metacarpal

80
Q

Extensor digitorum communis origin and insertion

A

O: lateral epiconyle via the extensor tendon
I: the dorsal surface of the base of the PIP and DIP joints in the 4 fingers

81
Q

Flexor carpi radialis origin and insertion

A

O: medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon
I: palmar aspect of the bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones

82
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris origin and insertion

A

O: humeral head: medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon
I: pisiform, hamate, palmar aspect of the base of the 5th metacarpal

83
Q

flexor digitorum profundus origin and insertion

A

O: anteromedial proximal 3/4 of the ulna and associated interosseous membrane
I: bases of the distal phalanges of the second through the 5th digits

84
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis origin and insertion

A

O: medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon and ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process, and oblique line of radius.
I: middle phalanges of the 2nd through 5th digits

85
Q

palmaris longus origin and insertion

A

O: medial epicondyle via the common flexor tendon
I: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

86
Q

Pronator quadratus origin and insertion

A

O: anterior surface of distal 1/4 ulna
I: lateral portion of the distal 1/4 of the radius

87
Q

pronator teres origin and insertion

A

O: proximal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid process
I: middle 1/3 of the lateral radius

88
Q

Supinator origin and insertion

A

O: lateral epicondyle, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, supinator crest of the ulna
I: proximal 1/3 of the radius

89
Q

Triceps brachii origin and insertion

A

O: infraglenoid tuberosity of scap, posterolateral surface of the proximal 1/2 of the humeral shaft, posteromedial surface of the humerus
I: olecranon process of the ulna

90
Q

What is the terrible triad of the elbow?

A

Elbow dislocation associated with both radial head and coronoid fractures

91
Q

How many hours after injury does a Volkmann’s contracture become irreversible?

A

4-6 hours

92
Q

what nerve is most commonly damaged with dislocation?

A

ulnar nerve

93
Q

what is a complex disloction of the elbow

A

involves at least one fracture along with a dislocation

94
Q

what is the most common elbow fracture in adults?

A

radial head fracture

95
Q

what four individual articulations does the elbow rely on to function properly?

A

humeralulnar joint, humeroradial joint, proximal radioulnar joint, and distal radioulnar joint

96
Q

which epicondyle is larger?

A

medial epicondyle

97
Q

what motions occur at the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint?

A

flexion and extension

98
Q

the UCL provides support to the medial elbow against what kind of force?

A

valgus force

99
Q

what section makes up the UCL?

A

anterior, transverse, and posterior bundle

100
Q

What ligaments provide lateral support to the elbow?

A

Radial collateral ligament(RCL)
annular ligament
lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)
accessory lateral collateral ligament (ALCL)

101
Q

What muscle is the primary flexor of the elbow when in pronation, supination, and the neutral position?

A

biceps brachii (supination)
brachialis (pronation)
brachioradialis (neutral position)

102
Q

what are the primary pronators of the forearm?

A

pronator teres and pronator quadratus

103
Q

the ulnar nerve enters the elbow and the wrist via what structures respectively to innervate what muscles?

A

Arcade of Struthers (elbow) and Tunnel of Guyon (wrist). Innervates flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and medial portion of flexor digitorum frofundus

104
Q

the radial nerve branches off in to what two branches to provide what kind of innervation respectively?

A

Superficial branch to provide sensation (sensory innervation) and Deep branch to provide motor innervation

105
Q

what four individual articulations does the elbow rely on to function properly?

A

humeralunlar joint
humeroradial joint
proximal radioulnar joint
distal radioulnar joint

106
Q

which epicondyle is larger?

A

medial

107
Q

what motions occur at eh humeroulnar and humeroradial joint?

A

flexion and extension

108
Q

the UCL provides support to the medial elbow against what kind of force?

A

valgus force

109
Q

what sections make up the UCL?

A

anterior transvers and posterior bundle

Upper Eval (5 decks)

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