Elastic Compute Cloud

Question 1

What does EC2 stand for

Answer 1

Elastic Compute Cloud

Question 2

What does EC2 mainly consist of

Answer 2

Renting virtual machines (EC2)
Storing data on virtual drives (EBS)
Distributing load across machines (ELB)
Scaling the services using an auto-scaling group (ASG)

Question 3

What does bootstrapping mean

Answer 3

launching commands when a machine starts , runs only once on initial start

Question 4

What kind of boot tasks is EC2 user data used to automate

Answer 4

installing updates
installing software
Downloading common files from the internet
Anything you can think of

Question 5

Describe the EC2 naming convention

                         m5.2xlarge

Answer 5

m: instance class
5: generation (AWS improves them over time)
2xlarge: size within the instance class

Question 6

What is a security group

Answer 6

acts as a virtual firewall for your EC2 instances to control inbound and outbound traffic

Question 7

How do security groups work

Answer 7

By controlling how traffic is allowed into or out of our EC2 instances

Question 8

What is one thing security groups contain

Answer 8

allow rules

Question 9

What do security groups regulate

Answer 9

Access to Ports
Authorized Ip ranges - IPv4 and IPv6
Control of inbound network (from other to the instance
Control of outbounf network (from the instance to other)

Question 10

How many instances can a security group be attached to

Answer 10

multiple instances

Question 11

How many regions can one security group be on at one time

Answer 11

Only on region at a time with a VPC combo

Question 12

Does a security group live inside the EC2?

Answer 12

no it lives outside the EC2 - if traffic is blocked the EC2 instance wont see it

Question 13

Should you use the same security group for EC2 and SSH access

Answer 13

No its best to have separate security groups

Question 14

If your app is not accessible (time out ) what kind of issue is this?

Answer 14

security group issue

Question 15

If your app gives a connection refuse error what type of issue is this

Answer 15

An app error or its not launched

Question 16

By default how is inbound traffic setup in an security group

Answer 16

Blocked by default

Question 17

By default how are all outbound traffic configured

Answer 17

Authorized by default

Question 18

What are the three ways you can connect to an EC2 instance

Answer 18

SSH, Putty , EC2 Instance Connect

Question 19

Never enter your access key / secret access key into an EC2 instance

Answer 19

Never enter your access key / secret access key into an EC2 instance

Question 20

Use IAM roles to create password credentials to an EC2 instance

Answer 20

Very true

Question 21

Describe EC2 On-Demand instances

Answer 21

short workload, predictable pricing

Question 22

What is the minimum you can have an EC2 instance reserved for

Answer 22

1 year

Question 23

What is considered a long workload in EC2 instances

Answer 23

Reserved instances

Question 24

What is a Convertible Reserved instance

Answer 24

Long workloads with flexible instances

Question 25

What is an Scheduled Reserved Instances

Answer 25

Instances scheduled for a certain time and date

Question 26

What is a sport instance

Answer 26

short workloads, cheap, can lose instances (less reliable)

Question 27

What is a dedicated host

Answer 27

Book an entire physical server , control instance placement

Question 28

Describe EC2 on-demand

Answer 28

Pay for what you use
Has the highest cost but no upfront payment
No long-term contract
Recommended for short-term and un-interrupted workloads, where you cant predict how the application will behave

Question 29

Describe EC2 Reserved Instances

Answer 29

Up to 75% discount compared to On-demand
Reservation period: 1 year = + discount | 3 years = +++ discount
Reserve a specific instance type
Recommended for steady-state usage apps (think database)

Question 30

Describe Convertible Reserved Instance

Answer 30

Can change the EC2 instance type

Up to 54% discount

Question 31

Described Reserved Instances

Answer 31

Launch within time widow you reserve
When you require a fraction of day/ week / month
Still commitment over 1 to 3 years

Question 32

Describe Spot instances

Answer 32

Can get a discount of up to 90% compared to On-demand
instances that you can lose at any point of time if your max price is less than the current spot price
The Most cost-effiecient instances in AWS

Question 33

Describe Spot Instances useful cases

Answer 33

Batch jobs
Data analysis
Image processing 
Any distributed workloads 
Workloads with a flexible start and end time

Question 34

What are Spot instances not useful for

Answer 34

Critical jobs or Databases

Question 35

What is an EC2 Dedicated Hosts

Answer 35

a physical server fully dedicated for your use
Allocated for your account for a 3-year period reservation
More expensive
Useful for software that have a complicated licensing model (BYOL)
Or for companies that have strong regulatory or compliance needs

Question 36

Describe EC2 Dedicated Instances

Answer 36

Instances running on hardware thats dedicated to you
May share hardware with other instances in same account
No control over instance placement (can move hardware after Stop/Start)

Question 37

What is Amazon Responsible for in EC2

Answer 37

Infrastructure
Isolation on physical hosts
Replacing faulty hardware
Compliance validation

Question 38

What are you responible for in the EC2

Answer 38

Security Groups rules
Operating-system patches and updates
Software and utilities installed on the EC2 instance
IAM Roles assigned to EC2 and IAM user access management
Data security on your instance