ELA test 10/29 Flashcards
What are the 4 types of sentences?
Simple: IC
Compound: ICIC
Complex: At least one DC; 1 or more ICs
Compound-Complex: One or more DC; 2 or more ICs
What are clauses and phrases?
Clauses contain a subject and a predicate. Independent clauses can stand alone as sentences, while dependent clauses cannot.
Phrases are groups of words without a subject-predicate structure (e.g., noun phrase, verb phrase, prepositional phrase).
What are the 8 parts of speech?
- Noun: Person, place, or thing (e.g., “dog”).
- Pronoun: Replaces a noun (e.g., “he,” “she”).
- Verb: Action or state of being (e.g., “run”).
- Adjective: Describes a noun (e.g., “blue”).
- Adverb: Describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb (e.g., “quickly”).
- Preposition: Shows relationship (e.g., “in,” “on”).
- Conjunction: Joins words or clauses (e.g., “and,” “but”).
- Interjection: Expresses emotion (e.g., “wow!”).
What are the different points of view?
1st Person: Narrator is part of the story (“I” or “we”).
2nd Person: Narrator speaks directly to the reader (“you”).
3rd Person Limited: Narrator knows thoughts and feelings of one character.
3rd Person Omniscient: Narrator knows thoughts and feelings of all characters.
3rd Person Objective: Narrator simply describes what is happening to the characters in the story and does not show us anyone’s thoughts or feelings.
What is the difference between a reliable and unreliable narrator?
Reliable vs. Unreliable Narrator: Reliable narrators tell the truth; unreliable narrators are biased, uninformed, or deceitful, which can change the reader’s perception of the story.
Titles (Italics v.s. Quotes)
Italics: For long works like books, movies, and plays (e.g., The Great Gatsby).
Quotes: For short works like short stories, articles, and poems (e.g., “The Tell-Tale Heart”).
What is mood and tone?
Mood: The feeling the reader gets from the story.
Tone: The author’s attitude toward the subject.
What is the plot, setting, themes, mood, point-of-view, conflicts, and symbols/motifs in “The Tell-Tale Heart”?
Plot: The narrator, who insists he is sane, becomes obsessed with the old man’s “vulture eye,” a pale, blue, and unsettling eye. He decides to kill the old man to rid himself of the eye.
Over several nights, he carefully plans the murder, sneaking into the old man’s room. Finally, he kills the old man and dismembers his body, hiding it under the floorboards.
However, the narrator begins to hear the old man’s heartbeat, which grows louder and louder in his mind. Driven to madness by the sound, he confesses to the police.
Setting: Primarily takes place in the old man’s house, especially in his bedroom, during the dead of night.
Themes: Guilt and Conscience: Despite his attempt to justify the murder, the narrator is overcome by guilt, symbolized by the heartbeat.
Sanity vs. Insanity: The narrator insists on his sanity, but his actions and obsessive thoughts reveal a descent into madness.
Obsession: His fixation on the old man’s eye drives him to an extreme act.
Mood: Dark, tense, and suspenseful. The story’s atmosphere heightens the sense of dread.
Point of View: First-person perspective, unreliable narrator: The narrator’s skewed view adds ambiguity, as we only see the story through his disturbed mind, making it hard to trust his version of events.
Conflicts: Internal: Man vs. self – The narrator’s internal struggle with guilt, symbolized by the heartbeat, which grows unbearable.
External: Man vs. man – The murder of the old man due to his “evil eye.”
Symbols and Motifs: The Eye: Represents the narrator’s paranoia and madness; he views it as a separate, malevolent entity.
The Heartbeat: Symbolizes guilt and the narrator’s conscience; the beating grows louder as his guilt overwhelms him.
What is the plot, setting, themes, mood, point-of-view, conflicts, and symbols/motifs in “The Fruit at the Bottom of the Bowl”?
Plot: After killing Huxley, the main character, William, is overcome by an obsessive urge to erase all traces of his presence from the crime scene.
Initially focused on removing fingerprints, he becomes increasingly obsessed, wiping down every surface in the house, even areas he hasn’t touched.
In the end, his obsession traps him at the scene, leading to his capture.
Setting: The story unfolds almost entirely within Huxley’s home, emphasizing the closed, claustrophobic atmosphere as William loses touch with reality.
Themes: Obsession and Guilt: William’s fixation on removing evidence shows how guilt can morph into paranoia and madness.
Consequence of Crime: The story highlights how William’s crime ensnares him, not physically, but mentally.
Psychological Deterioration: His need for control spirals into a psychological breakdown.
Mood: Tense, anxious, and suspenseful, creating a sense of impending doom as William spirals deeper into his obsession.
Point of View: Third-person limited: We see events from William’s perspective, allowing us to witness his psychological decline.
Conflicts: Internal: Man vs. self – William’s battle with his conscience and increasing paranoia.
External: Man vs. society – William tries to erase his presence to avoid punishment, but his actions betray him.
Symbols and Motifs: Fingerprints: Symbolize guilt and the inescapable trace of one’s actions.
The Act of Cleaning: Represents William’s attempt to rid himself of guilt, though it ironically becomes his downfall.
Imaginary fingerprints/spiderwebs: This represents his paranoia, guilt, and obsession.
Fruit at the bottom of the bowl: This shows how his insanity and paranoia are taking over.
