EL9 How Salty? Flashcards
What is an acid?
A compound that DONATES hydrogen ions (protons) in a solution
- proton donor
What is a base?
- chemical that ACCEPTS protons
- proton acceptor
Acid + alkali =
Salt + water
Acid + base =
Salt + water
Acid + carbonate =
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Acid + metal =
Salt + hydrogen
Acid + metal oxide =
Salt + water
What is the name of this acid H2SO4(aq)?
Sulphuric acid
Name and write formula of common alkali
Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
Potassium hydroxide, KOH
Ammonia, NH3
Define alkali
A base that dissolves in water
- forms hydroxide (OH-) ions
What is a salt?
Compound formed when hydrogen ion in an acid is replaced with a metal ion or ammonium ion
Give some properties of acids
- turns litmus paper red
- neutralised by bases
What do organic acids contain?
Carboxyl group (COOH)
Give equation for sulphuric acid and water
H2SO4(l) + H2O = H3O+(aq) + HSO4-(aq)
What occurs when an acid and a base react?
They neutralise each other
Define concentration
A measure of how much solute is dissolved in a certain volume of solvent
How do you work out concentration? (From moles and volume)
Number of moles/volume
What is titration used for?
To determine concentration of a solvent
Give method of volumetric analysis (titration)
- Standard solution is measured with volumetric pipette, put in conical flask with indicator
- Calculate number of moles in solution
- Using burette, add unknown solution until colour changes
- Calculate number of moles that reacted (using volume used) and calculate concentration
