EL.7 Flashcards
Bonding, structure, properties, and precipitates
What is the formula of sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the formula for nitric acid?
HNO3
What ion does acids produce?
H+
How do group 1 and 2 metals become ions?
They lose their outer shell electrons to become positively charged ions.
How do non metals become ions?
The gain electrons to become negative charged ions..
What are positively charged ions also known as?
Cations.
What are negatively charged ions also known as?
Anions.
Why are -3 ions so rare?
Because once an anion is already -1, it become harder to attract another electron as both particles have the same charge and repel each other, making -2 very difficult to achieve and -3 even more rare.
What happens in ionic bonding?
Electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non metal atoms, forming ions with a closed shell stable structure like that of noble gas. The cation and anion are held together by a strong attraction between their opposite charges.
What is the strong attraction between the cation and anions’ opposite charges also known as?
Electrostatic force/bond.
How is a solid ionic compound held together?
Each ion forms electrostatic bond with many other ions of opposite charge and the ions build up into a giant lattice.
Which part of an anion’s name indicates it’s a negatively charged ion?
xxx-ide, eg. fluoride, oxide, hydroxide.
What bond holds together groups of atoms in a complex ion?
Covalent bond.
What does the overall charge of an ionic compound have to be?
0
There are four main ways of making salt from acids and bases, what are the products produced from each of these reactions?
- acid + alkali → _ + _
- acid +base → _ + _
- acid + carbonate → _ + _ + _
- acid + metal → _ + _
- acid + alkali → salt + water
- acid +base → salt + water
- acid + carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
- acid + metal → salt + hydrogen