EL6 Flashcards
What is the molecular formula?
Tells you the actual numbers of different types of atoms.
What is the empirical formula?
The simplest ratio for the moles of atoms.
What is the water of crystallisation?
Water molecules are fitted within ionic lattices in a regular manner.
What are the characteristics of the crystals?
Hydrated and blue
What happens when hydrated crystals are heated?
The water of crystallisation is removed as steam leaving the anhydrous solid behind.
How do you determine the formula of hydrated compounds?
- Mass of sample of hydrated salt is measured.
- Salt is heated.
- Mass measured at regular intervals.
- When no more mass is lost, can determine formula.
What factors affect the amount of products produced?
- Loss of products from reaction vessels
- Side-reactions occurring - produce unwanted by-products
- Impurities in reactants
- Changes in temperature and pressure
- If the reaction is an equilibrium system
What is the theoretical yield?
The expected amount of products in a reaction carried out under ideal conditions.
What is the experimental yield?
The amount of product actually produced.
How do you calculate percentage yield?
(experimental yield ÷ theoretical yield) × 100
