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Spanish > el español en el mundo > Flashcards

el español en el mundo Flashcards

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1
Q

las flaquezas

A

weakenesses

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2
Q

los puntos débiles

A

weakenesses

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3
Q

esgrimir (razones

A

to argue / put forward (reasons)

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4
Q

el habla castiza

A

Castilian speech

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5
Q

Hispanohablantes

A

Spanish speakers

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6
Q

Hispanoamérica

Latinoamérica

A

Latin American

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7
Q

hablar “fino”

A

speak fluently

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8
Q

un acento neutro

A

a neutral accent

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9
Q

tener un acento

A

to have an accent

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10
Q

ocultar un acento

A

to hide an accent

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11
Q

forzar un acento

A

to force an accent

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12
Q

neutralizar un acento

A

to neutralise and accent

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13
Q

violar una norma lingüistica

A

violate a linguistic norm

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14
Q

los argumentos encierran rasgos clasistas

encerrar = incluir, contener

A

the arguments contain classist traits

encerrar, incluir, contener = contain, include..

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15
Q

privarse de (dejar voluntariamente algo de interés, conveniencia)

A

deprive yourself of (voluntarily give up something of interest, convenience)

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16
Q

el/la locutor/a (de radio/televisión)

los/las interlocutores (pl.)

A

the speaker (radio / television)

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17
Q

la destreza (en el uso del lenguaje)

A

skill (in language use)

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18
Q

el despliegue (de palabras)

A

the display ? of words

el despliegue = deployment & display

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19
Q

el doblaje

A

dubbing

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20
Q

hacer alarde = alardear de

(presumir, ostentar)

A

to flaunt

(to boast, to show off)

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21
Q

la lengua como un arma arrojadiza

A

language as a weapon of war

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22
Q

un debate enconado

(encarnizado, violento)

A

a fierce debate

(intense, violent)

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23
Q

reglas ortográficas inamovibles

A

set spelling rules

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24
Q

el seseo

A

Pronouncing z & c as s

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25
Q

el ceceo

A

pronouncing s as c (lisping)

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26
Q

la arbitrariedad

A

impulsiveness

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27
Q

La profusión de laísmos y leísmos

(abundancia de)

A

Excess use of / abundance of ‘la’, ‘lo’, ‘las’, ‘los’, ‘le’, ‘les’

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28
Q

regular el volumen de la voz

A

regulate voice volume

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29
Q

impostar el tono y el timbre

A

project tone and pitch (of voice)

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30
Q

cobijar / dar cobijo

A

shelter / give shelter

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31
Q

amenizar algo / hacer (más) ameno

(hacer agradable, placentero)

A

to make something more pleasant/enjoyable

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32
Q

salir / sacar a relucir

A

to come out / to bring out

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33
Q

lenguas amerindias

A

Native American languages

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34
Q

idiomas indígenas

A

indigenous langauges

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35
Q

idiomas aborígenes

A

native/ / indigenous languages

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36
Q

un patrimonio intangible

A

an intangible heritage

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37
Q

la labor lingüística

A

linguistic work

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38
Q

la implantación de un idioma

A

establishment / introduction of a language

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39
Q

la unificación lingüística

A

linguistic unification

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40
Q

un vehículo de comunicación para transmitir ideas

A

a means of communication to convey ideas

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41
Q

un léxico rico en vocablos

A

a lexicon rich in vocabulary

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42
Q

El Nuevo Mundo

A

The New World

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43
Q

grupos étnicos

A

ethnic groups

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44
Q

compete a los gobiernos

competer = pertenecer, tocar, incumbir a alguien/algo)

A

is the government’s responsibility

to be responsibility of = to belong to, to concern, to involve someone/something

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45
Q

fomentar el cultivo de un idioma / cultura

A

encourage the cultivation (growth) of a language

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46
Q

la convivencia lingüística

A

linguistic coexistence

47
Q

geografías plurilingües

A

multilingual countries

48
Q

el español como vehículo universa de compresnión

A

Spanish as a universal way of understanding

49
Q

estereotipos fosilizados

A

fossilised / paralysed stereotypes

50
Q

atesorar una historia / un patrimonio

A

treasuring the history / heritage

51
Q

lenguas ligadas a la identidad de los colectivos

A

languages linked to shared identity

52
Q

riqueza de dialectos y variedades

A

richness of dialects and varieties

53
Q

herir (algunas) sensibilidades

A

offend [sb]’s sensibilities (e.g. offend people)

54
Q

englobar modos / conceptos

A

encompass, include modes/concepts

55
Q

avivar una polémica

A

stirring up a controversy

56
Q

lengua cooficial en un territorio

A

co-official language in a territory

57
Q

un proceso de unificación idiomática

A

a process of linguistic unification

58
Q

datar
(“los primeros textos datan del siglo…”)

A

to date from / to date back to
(e.g. the first texts date from the century…)

59
Q

criterios fonéticos/léxicos/gramaticales

A

phonetic / lexical / grammatical criteria

60
Q

época de esplendor

A

period of splendour (magnificence)

61
Q

época de decadencia (sufrir decadencia)

A

period of decline/fall (to suffer decadence)

62
Q

provocar controversia

A

to provoke controvesy

63
Q

un origen incierto

A

uncertain origin

64
Q

tener parentesco con (algo/alguien)

A

to be related to (something/someone)

65
Q

derechos lingüísticos

A

linguistic rights

66
Q

lengua prestigio

A

language prestige

67
Q

diglosia / situación de diglosia
(bilingüismo en un lugar)

A

diglossia

  • a situation in which 2 languages (or 2 varieties of the same language) are used under different conditions within a community, often by the same speakers)
68
Q

movimento indigenista

A

indigenous movement

69
Q

la polivalencia de un concepto

A

multiple functions / multi-usage of a concept

70
Q

un derecho inalienable

A

an unalienable right

  • refers to a right that cannot be given away or taken away
71
Q

la modalidad del habla

A

type of speech

72
Q

el habla propia de una persona

A

a person’s own language / speech

73
Q

Canon / Cánones de la lengua / Lengua canónica

A

Canon / Canons of language / Canonical language

74
Q

el canon establecido

A

the established canon

75
Q

un vocablo

A

a word

76
Q

la deformación de una lengua

A

deformation of a language

77
Q

los/as puristas de la lengua
(habla perfecta)

A

language purists

78
Q

erizarse la piel

A

skin crawl

79
Q

fruncir el ceño

A

frown

80
Q

mutación del español

A

spanish mutatuon

81
Q

hibrido entre dos lenguas

A

hybrid between 2 languages

82
Q

los falsos amigos

A

false friends

83
Q

dar legitimidad y validez a una lengua / vocablo

A

giving legitimacy and validity to a language / word

84
Q

la buena/mala salud de un idioma

A

good / bad health of a language

85
Q

estrechar relaciones culturales/interpersonales

A

strengthening cultural / interpersonal relations

86
Q

secundar la defense del bilingüismo

A

support the defence of bilingualism

87
Q

hablantes monolingües

A

monolingual speakers

88
Q

hablantes bilingües

A

biligual speakers

89
Q

hablantes plurilingües

A

multilingual speakers

90
Q

lengua franca

A

lingua franca

= a language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different

i.e. English is a lingua franca

91
Q

un dialecto colonial

A

a colonial dialect

92
Q

préstamo léxico

A

lexical borrowing

93
Q

tomar préstamos lingüísticos

A

linguistic borrowing

94
Q

una lengua subordinada a otro

A

one langauge subordinate to another

95
Q

el voseo

A

referring to “vos” - informal word for “you” pl.

96
Q

la aspiración de consonantes / vocales

A

consonant / vowel aspiration

97
Q

consonantes

A

constonants

98
Q

vocales

A

vowels

99
Q

acuñar un término

A

to coin (create) a term

100
Q

un término

A

a term

101
Q

inmigrantes de primera, segunda y tercera generación

A

first, second and third generation immigrants

102
Q

la falta

A

the lack

103
Q

la falta de lealtad lingüística

A

lack of linguistic loyalty

104
Q

lengua mayoritaria

A

main language

105
Q

lengua minoritaria

A

minority language

106
Q

el aislamiento lingüístico

A

linguistic isolation

107
Q

el aislamento

A

isolation

108
Q

una frontera

A

a border

109
Q

una frontera lingüística

A

a linguistic border

110
Q

alfabetizarse en una lengua

A

to become literate in a language

111
Q

calcos léxicos

A

lexical loan translation

112
Q

el intercambio de códigos

  • emplear dos lenguas en un mismo turno de palabra
A

code switching

  • using 2 language in the same turn of speech
113
Q

el dominio de un idioma

A

proficiency in a language

114
Q

léxico

A

vocabulary

Spanish (10 decks)

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