EL

Question 1

Flame colour of lithium

Answer 1

Crimson

Question 2

Flame colour of sodium

Answer 2

Orange-yellow

Question 3

Flame colour of potassium

Answer 3

Lilac

Question 4

Flame colour of calcium

Answer 4

Brick red

Question 5

Flame colour of barium

Answer 5

Green

Question 6

Flame colour of copper

Answer 6

Blue-green

Question 7

How does a mass spectrometer work?

Answer 7

1) Vaporisation - sample turned into gas using an electric heater
2) Ionisation - gas particles bombarded with electrons which forms positive ions
3) Acceleration - positive ions accelerate by electric field
4) Detection - time taken for positive ions to reach detector measured

Question 8

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 8

1/2000

Question 9

Definition of empirical formula

Answer 9

Smallest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound

Question 10

Definition of molecular formula

Answer 10

Actual number of atoms in a molecule

Question 11

Colour change of methyl orange from acid to alkali

Answer 11

Yellow to red

Question 12

Colour change of phenolphthalein from acid to alkali

Answer 12

Red to colourless

Question 13

How does the solubility of a group 2 hydroxide change as you go down a group?

Answer 13

Increase

Question 14

How does the solubility of a group 2 carbonate change as you go down a group?

Answer 14

Decreases

Question 15

How does the thermal stability of a group 2 carbonates change as you go down a group?

Answer 15

Increases

Question 16

Colour of copper carbonate precipitate

Answer 16

Blue-green

Question 17

Colour of silver carbonate precipitate

Answer 17

Yellow

Question 18

How to make insoluble salts?

Answer 18

Precipitate reactions

Question 19

How to make a soluble salt?

Answer 19

Metal oxide or isolines base
OR
Alkali

Question 20

Colour of silver precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 20

Brown

Question 21

Colour of calcium precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 21

White

Question 22

Colour of copper(II) precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 22

Blue

Question 23

Colour of lead(II) precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 23

White

Question 24

Colour of iron(II) precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 24

Green

Question 25

Colour of iron(III) precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 25

Reddish brown

Question 26

Colour of zinc precipitate in sodium hydroxide?

Answer 26

White at first.

Then redissolves in excess NaOH so colourless

Question 27

Colour of aluminium precipitate in sodium hydroxide

Answer 27

White at first.

Then redissolves in excess NaOH so colourless

Question 28

How to test for sulfates?

Answer 28

Add dilute HCl followed by barium chloride solution.

White precipitate forms

Question 29

How to test for ammonium compounds

Answer 29

Damp litmus paper will turn blue

Question 30

How to test for hydroxides

Answer 30

Dip a damp piece of litmus paper into solution

If hydroxide present, turn blue

Question 31

How to test for halides

Answer 31

Add silver nitrate
Chloride - white precipitate
Bromide - cream precipitate
Iodide - yellow precipitate

Question 32

How to test for nitrates

Answer 32

1) Warm solution with sodium hydroxide solution and aluminium foil.
2) Aluminium reduces nitrate ion to ammonium ions.
3) Ammonium ions react with hydroxide ion to produce ammonia has and water.
4) If ammonia is give off, nitrate present.
5) Test for ammonia has by using damp red litmus paper, it’ll go blue

Question 33

How to carry out a flame test

Answer 33

• Dip nichrome wire loop in concentrated hydrochloride acid
• Dip wire loop into sample
• Hold the loop in the clear part of the flame
• Observe the colour change of the flame